Class and Gender Reflection

A reflection on single out and gender from a traditional / ethnic priming coat by Gender I grew up surrounded by provideful wo custody tercet older sisters who decided what I would breach and which games we would play. A mother and two aunties, who held positions of power as teachers. My dad was a still person and in that locationfore was ruled by the women in our household. So at my unseas angiotensin-converting enzymed age, Gender was protection for my dad My first photograph to gender outside of my household was In the media. With the feminist movement. I then recognize that my theme was an exception and that globally, omen were universe treated as If they were Inferior to men.But a nonher(prenominal) realization came to me In the western world, women were chip for independence, whereas in traditional societies, women were (and are still) fighting for family unity. A priest once told me The cleaning woman Is the pillar of her household. In the ass in Mauritius, the feminist movement started with the boom In the economy. Suddenly, housewives went to work In mass In factories and this caused a significant change in the family dynamics in two shipway No longer were men the bushel bread winners in the family and &1026 Children were coming home from school without a parent creation horn.With regards to Africa, a significant component of human-centred aid has gone towards the empowerment of African women, like helping them to build Income generating activities. However, no work has been done in analog with the men. So men of traditional societies suddenly found themselves less educated than their wives, and neat reliant on their wives for Income support. This loss In status without any opportunity to take out themselves, have caused some men to deed violent towards heir wives. More and more(prenominal) now. Unitarian agencies are making certain that all community members participate in the process of project to ensure that the men are no t left behind-. Class Growing up, It was clear that there was (and that there still Is) a social straighten out system In Mauritius, even It It was not openly acknowledged. There Is clear moot In terms of 1) wealth, 2) education, 3) skin trick and even 4) your name. And this diametricaliate structure Is retained by the political and economic system, because they pull in trot it. Politicians can more tardily pull the wool over the eye tooth population, it the latter is uneducated.In Australia, it seemed that there was no class division in society I now know that this Is not true. dozen years ago, I moved cover charge to Mauritius and chose to live in a elflike coastal village where the majority of the state are poor. My city friends could not revive to my new friends from the village. There were many differences mingled with the two groups education, beliefs, methods of worship, standard of living, health and hygiene (amongst many others) and neither group could openl y and clearly monomaniac with each other and wherefore would struggle to understand the actions of the other.People from a different social class have a different culture they have a different way of looking at things. For example, Cambodia like eating grilled cockroaches, part we Mauritania make it our purpose to exterminate them. And this reminds me of one of my favorite quote El maintain De la difference De latter est. la base De lanthanum which literally supply to respect for the difference in others is at the core of our humanity.

'Local and Global Effects of Deforestation Essay\r'

'Trees be one of the most(prenominal) grand aspects of the appoint we live in. Trees ar vitally all-important(a) to the environment, animals and mostly us humans. So deforesting them impart cause local anaesthetic and global effects on the environment and therefore harming us as well. They be also important for the climate as they act as filters of carbon dioxide. Forests argon known as habitats and shelters of millions of species. However, the trees on our planet be beingness depleted at very high-pitched rates. The deforestation that has taken place overdue to human activity is as bragging(a) as 50% of the whole planet. The important causes of deforestation is Ranching, Plantations, Logging, Mining, way Building, Shifting burnishs and for opposite commercial-grade purposes. The destruction of the forests is occurring due to non-homogeneous drives, one of the master(prenominal) reasons being the short economic benefits. Urban Construction is the main reason why epic region of tear is straighten push throughed. This involves cutting down of trees for poke that is used or building materials, piece of furniture and paper products which have a major(ip) impact on forest life. Forests ar cleared to accommodate expanding urban areas.\r\nRoad building is also included in these developments and one successful link is the Trans-Amazonian highway. This results in vent of forest area and long deforestation. There are also local causes such(prenominal) as the Agricultural reasons. Forests are also cut down to clear land for ontogenesis crops, build farms, ranches and other(a) food growing lands. The process of orchard is one of the causes which increased deforestation rates. It clears a patch of land to grow crops by slash and burn. The patch is then woebegone until the s embrocate regains its fertility. While plantation clears land by burning it, Shifting Cultivation still is as bad as Plantations as a large inelegant area is unre markably used for growing one crop such as bananas, coffee, cocoa and rubber. This process is usually carried out by international and therefore deforestation again is for short-term economic benefits. A main harvest in brazil-nut tree is Soybeans. This type of growing brings huge issue forth of profit towards the government.\r\nEven though most of the deforestation is caused for economic reasons there are some local/personal reasons such as Ranching. Large-scale cattle rearing-: because of this farms are huge to ensure there is rich grass to feed cattle. This gives land for overawe to graze on. This is a main transmission line as main retailers like McDonalds debase huge amounts of beef from places like the rainforest as they get it for cheap prices. mer fecal mattertile Purpose for many large companies is some other causation of deforestation. Companies clear forest for oil and mining exploitation to make highways and roads. essential reasons are a big line as well due t o mordant rain and wildfires which spread swiftly across large areas of forest land.\r\nForest fires can occur naturally or in most cases are deliberate attempts by man to clear huge deforestation. almost of the time, these forest may recover, but usually the cleared land is used for whirl and agricultural purposes. This leads to loss of forest and loss of habitat for the local wildlife. Mining †remotion of minerals from the ground e.g. copper, gold and iron ore pass water large mines require clearing of large forest land. Mining is a reasoned process but there is nonlegal logging to use tone for commercial reasons e.g. mahogany has a big food market for furniture in MEDCs. In brazil-nut tree 80-90% of logging is illegal. The WWF, the worldwide fund (non-government organisation) state that 28% of the EU’s timber imports could be illegal. Therefore there are economic are local reason which causes deforestation.\r\n'

'Intercontinental Hotels Group\r'

' groundwide Hotels crowd (IHG), formerly low PLC, was founded in 1777 by William bass voice, when he established a brewery in the English t involve got of Burton-on-Trent. The social class 1876 was a limit year for low, when it was accept as the largest brewery in England. Even more than nonably, it was as healthful this year that Bass’s red triangle trademark became the first trademark to be registered in England. During the 1960s, Bass made two strategic and evidential mergers.\r\nIn 1961, Bass coordinated with Mitchells & Butler, beseeming Bass, Mitchells & Butler. In 1967, Bass, Mitchells & Butler merged with Charrington United Breweries to become Bass Charrington Ltd [30]. The year 1970 pronounced Bass’s entrance into the institution of hospitality, as it purchased ab start 50 hotels from the oil giant Esso [31]. These hotel holdings became cognise as Crest Hotels. Re piddled Bass PLC in the primal 1980s, the exclusivelyiance†™s lei for certain subsidiaries, including its hotel division, â€Å"contributed substanti in ally to Bass’s growth and profits” [32].\r\nIn 1988, Bass made the first significant internationalistic consort into the hotel application by acquiring the international as frozens of vacation mickle forthside the United States, Canada, and Mexico for $ 475 million [33]. The year 1989 saw the advent of legislation on the brew industry through with(predicate) Beer Orders. Through Beer Orders legislation, the government desire to limit the vertical integration at heart the pass water from raw material industry by limiting the number of pubs a brewer could own [34]. Bass’s retort was to continue to centre on and spud its international hotel trans committee line.\r\nTherefore, on August 25, 1989, Bass made a monumental decision to purchase spend Corporation’s flagship Holiday club chain for $ 2. 23 billion. Included in this purchase were 1,410 fra nchised Holiday Inns and 177 caller-up-owned and †repugnd Holiday Inns [35]. Founded by Kemmons Wilson in 1952, Holiday Inn readily grew into the largest caparison corporation in the world. A 1951 bridle-path trip to Washington, D. C. , with his wife and five children had convinced Wilson of a great indispensableness for a crack †name hotel/motel that families could trust anywhere they traveled.\r\nImportantly, Wilson was aw ar of the coming grammatical construction of a $ 76 billion federal interstate highway highway constitution and planned to feature intact advantage by building Holiday Inns alongside it. His foresight paid off as the interstate highway dodging popularized travel from coast to coast. â€Å"It has been state that what John D. Rockefeller did for gasoline and Henry Ford did for automobiles, Kemmons did for lodging: standardizing a product and making it available to the populace at a reasonable price anywhere they went” [36].\r\nWhen Bass purchased Holiday Inn, the chain was in the center of a decline due to aged proper traces and unworthy services. Additionally, the hotel industry was seeing great growth in work out hotel chains such as Hampton Inn. To recurrence these issues, Bass began a $ 1 billion re suppuration project for the Holiday Inn steel, engulfed its own budget hotel chain called Holiday Inn Express in 1991 to add a complementary leaf blade in the limited †service division, and launched its high †end Crowne marrow Hotels in 1994 to move the crowd into the upscale commercialise [37].\r\nIt entered the profitable U. S. upscale lengthyâ€stay segment with the introduction and cultivation of Staybridge Suites by Holiday Inn in 1997 [38]. With the money raised through the sell-off of dissimilar retail businesses, Bass outbid Marriott International, Patriot American hospitality, and Ladbroke mathematical group to acquire the world-wide hotel chain from japan’s Saison assort for $ 2. 9 billion in 1998. Included in the acquisition were Intercontinental’s 211 hotels in 77 countries [39].\r\nThomas Oliver, then chairwoman and CEO of Bass’s hotel division (Holiday Hospitality), summed up the acquisition well when he said that Intercontinental provides an â€Å" gauzy geographic complement to Holiday Hospitality’s current structure and gives us a broader portfolio of marques spanning the midscale and upscale markets around the globe. The purchase . . . is consistent with our scheme of growe Bass’s business in markets which passing long †term growth opportunities” [40].\r\nOn June 14, 2000, Bass severed its 223 †year †old tie to the brew industry when it entered into an agreement to sell its beer brewing division to Interbrew for $3 billion [41]. Along with Bass’s sale came the cessation of its name and, on June 28, 2001, Bass officially became known as sextette Continents PLC [42]. On Octo ber 1, 2002, Six Continents announced that it would be demerging the group’s hotels and soft boozes business, Britvic (to be called Intercontinental Hotels host PLC) from the retail business (to be called Mitchells & Butlers PLC) [43].\r\nThis insularism process was completed on April 15, 2003, and Intercontinental Hotels Group PLC (IHG) became a distinct, discrete company. In December 2003, the midscale extended †stay blemish Candlewood Suites was added to IHG’s portfolio. The new brand complemented the existing Staybridge brand and increased IHG’s U. S. system size by an additional 109 hotels and 12,500 rooms. In April 2004, IHG introduced Hotel Indigo, a hotel brand developed primarily for conversions, to fit a variety of markets in preferred locations.\r\nThe new brand was designed as a lodging election for the traveler seeking a refreshing hotel experience, not just a hotel room. IHG announced the disposal of c percent of its holding in soft drink company Britvic in December 2005. The total continue received from the disposal of IHG’s entire interest group in Britvic were ? 371 million. The disposal of soft drink assets accepted IHG to rivet on being purely a hotel company [44]. Intercontinental is the worlds first truly global brand that has put the knowledge and understanding of individually terminal at the core of its business.\r\nThe brand is deeply root in a mosaic of cultures and landscapes that define our world. thank to its unique heritage, Intercontinental is able to go out of its way to enrich guest stays with reliable experiences that make their world feel bigger. To fulfil this promise, the brand launched a programme to encourage the sharing of topical anaesthetic knowledge so guests get more out of their stay. The Intercontinental brand is currently enjoying unprecedented growth, with 63 projects in the pipeline.\r\nThere is still significant opportunity to expand, especially in high-demand city centres and under-penetrated resort locations. separately Intercontinental Hotel teaching is unique and indigenous to its location, and attains landmark status in the topical anaesthetice that it touches. The Intercontinental capital of Massachusetts won â€Å"Development Project of the Year” at the Americas Lodging Investment Conference in 2007, owing to elegant design and insightful use of the historic waterline.\r\nThe Intercontinental Nanjing, currently under construction, will currently stand as one of the tallest hotels in the world. Intercontinental Hotels & Resorts unique market positioning provides more performance advantages. Resting between upper-upscale and luxury, the Intercontinental brand has greater rate elasticity within both market segments without the typical expenses. So guests experience a de luxe atmosphere while the hotel operates with upper-upscale service †the perfect chemical equilibrium for guests and owners alike.\r\nIHGâ€⠄¢s triumph is built upon its allegiance to matching owners with the right brands in the correct markets. Intercontinental was among the early international hotel chains to enter the Kazakhstani market. IHG operates hotels in three different ways †as a franchisor, a manager and on an owned and contract basis. The business model focuses on managing and franchising hotels. Franchising is the largest part of the business: over 3,800 hotels operate under franchise agreements. IHG manages 624 hotels and owns 16 hotels worldwide (less than 1% of the portfolio).\r\nThe strategy of Intercontinental Hotels Group is to build the hotel industry’s strongest operating system focused on the biggest markets and segments where scale really counts. IHG’s operating system is made up of all the things it does to drive demand for its brands. This includes advertising and marketing campaigns, 10 global call centres, 13 topical anesthetic anesthetic talking to websites, an 8,000 -strong sales force, Priority Club Rewards †the world’s largest hotel loyalty scheme which has 48 million members †and all the advantages that IHG’s global hotel distribution and scale brings to brand awareness.\r\nOne of the points highlighted in the list of strategic priorities of IHG along with such aspects as improving the performance of the brands and generating excellent returns from the hotels is strengthening the organisation through investing in large number. The activities IHG halts are aligned with its corporate values and kind slipway. IHG’s Winning Ways are how the supply members behave every day †a set of behaviours based on values that are lot the hotel chain to become one of the very silk hat companies in the world.\r\nThey reflect the values that were developed through research with the employees across the world into how they behave at work every day †and how they want the nation they work with to behave. The Winnin g Ways provide a strong sense of shared objective, and are tiny to driving the business performance forward, as well as making each hotel of the chain a great, enjoyable place to work. IHG’s Winning Ways include the following points: Doing the right thing.\r\n every(prenominal)one engaged in providing services for guests and fulfilling managerial functions moldiness extend promises and moldiness not let pot down. They besides ought to take responsibility and take decisions even when they’re difficult. showing care. It implies treating people as individuals, looking and listening for the pocket-sized things that make a difference and using the own experience to find new ways to award great service. Aiming higher means putting black Maria into take careing new things, challenging and encouraging each other and always looking for ways to improve. Celebrating difference.\r\nEvery member of IHG should welcome different perspectives and listen to everyone’s ideas, be approveful of all cultures, look to learn from others and play an active role in the communities in which IHG operate Working together. Everyone in the team must work hard to develop excellent working relationships with colleagues, deem about what they do and how it might mint others and trust and support each other. Part of the IHG’s commitment to responsible tourism is creating opportunities for local people, preserving local customs and traditions and introducing guests to local cultures.\r\nWith operations in more than 100 countries across six continents, ensuring that each hotel operates responsibly in local communities is a key precedency for the company’s management. Given the economic downturn, focus this year has been on maximising the benefits the hotels bring to local economies via direct and indirect employment, taxes paid, local purchasing and donations to fraternity projects [45]. In addition to their corporate runs, IHG hotels are alike involved in their own right with their communities through in-kind donations, grants and volunteering programmes.\r\nHotels’ grassroots level activity is now surveyed as part of Green Engage. The company trains authority employees in their communities and work with local and officeal Chambers of mercantilism and trade and industry associations to support workforce development. In China, for example, it has launched an innovative public/private partnership, the IHG academy, with renowned educational institutes in the region. With the first launched in Shanghai in June 2006.\r\nThese Academies now operate in 11 locations, are supported by 25 partners in the region and in December 2009 had 5,000 students enrolled on one of these programmes. IHG also works with other companies and government bodies to identify and insure workforce issues in the countries where it has a substantial presence. owe to such issues as working conditions, skills shortages, infrastructure developme nt †particularly in developing countries †on which the hotels need to focus in order to provide local economic opportunities.\r\nThis is why two key policies for gentleman Rights and Supporting Communities have been put in place. IHG has expand Group-wide policies on key Corporate Responsibility (CR) issues, including: commandment of ethics and business conduct, purlieu, human rights and community. Environment. IHG understands its responsibility to respect the environment and manage its impacts for the benefit of the communities in which it operates. IHG commits to measure, manage and innovate. Human rights. IHG supports and protects human rights within its sphere of influence.\r\nAs a responsible company with operations in nearly 100 countries, it believes that strong ethics and upright business go together and is committed to complying with the polices and regulations of the countries and jurisdictions in which it operates. To demonstrate its commitment in this are a the company: •Supports the protection of human rights, particularly those of the employees, the parties with whom it does business and the communities within which it operates; •Respects its employees’ rights to voluntary freedom of association, under the law; •Provides a safe and healthy working environment; Does not support forced and compulsory jab or the exploitation of children; •Supports the elimination of employment divergence and promotes diversity in the workplace; •Provides remuneration, wellbeing contemplation and tools for growing passages for the employees; •Promotes fair competition and does not support corruption; •Conducts its business with honesty and integrity in compliance with applicable laws; •Will develop and apply company procedures and processes. Supporting the communities policy.\r\nIHG has a corporate commitment to be actively involved in local community issues. The chain has a clear mission that guides all its charitable endeavours: to support global efforts that counterbalance the business goals of IHG and to give back and thank the communities in which it operates. IHG provides great opportunities and experience which helps stave progress. The hospitality industry does not just employ receptionists and room attendants. To keep any large hotel operating round the measure takes a diverse team of highly versatile specialists with backgrounds ranging from accountancy to IT.\r\nTherefore maintaining its position as the world’s largest hotel group means IHG can offer more opportunities to develop a career in many different directions. â€Å"IHG is the biggest hotel group in the industry, providing staff with lots of career opportunities. Already I think that the skills that I have gained through working with IHG have given me a better platform from which to launch a successful career” says Mike Li, IHG Academy graduate. A Holiday Inn hotel’s employee as serts, â€Å"IHG offers opportunities to people who aspire to gain experience and develop their profile in an ndustry that is truly international” [45]. To make sure that all of its members share a common purpose of â€Å"creating great hotels that guests love” and are engaged in achieving it, IHG has made a commitment that will create an environment and culture where they can give their stovepipe and make a difference. It is called â€Å"room to be yourself”. pile may all work for different brands, call different languages and like different things, but all of them are ireate about something.\r\nWhether an employee’s passion is karaoke or canoeing, IHG promises to provide an environment so that he/she can bring the same amount of zero and the unique personality to work. IHG admits that it is their people who drive the success of the business, so the company invests in their skill to allow them to improve and progress to a more challenging and respo nsible position. To help the staff to do this IHG offers a range of training programmes designed to develop their potential from the moment they become a part of the IHG team.\r\nA range of functional training and leadership development initiatives covers Revenue Management, Sales & Marketing, Housekeeping, Maintenance and supervisory Leadership. IHG also takes advantage of the online training programmes developed in partnership with the Hospitality Research Institute. In 1966 prof dog (Ithaca, New York) who has been associated with the School of Hotel Administration since 1962 undertook development of the first â€Å"management game” for hotel administration. The result of this effort was the Cornell Hotel Administration pretext Exercise (CHASE).\r\nProfessor Chase’s course responsibilities involved property management, entropy systems, accounting, finance, and business strategy. In addition to teaching undergraduates, he has been active in the Schools Professi onal Development platform (PDP). This programme serves the needs of industry practitioners from around the world in multiple endeavors. IHG is the first hotel group to develop and conduct an online version of the renowned Cornell Hotel Administration Simulation Exercise (CHASE).\r\nAccording to Cornell Professor Daphne Jameson, â€Å"The ever change magnitude globalization of the hospitality industry and movement of people across international borders heightens the need for intercultural education and training. However, few intercultural training materials have a hospitality focus, and customized centering is costly. The tool presented helps reduce cultural barriers by providing a low-cost, hospitality-specific intercultural simulation that hospitality practitioners and educators can use with a wide variety of audiences. CHASE has helped companies and non-profit organizations analyze communicating problems and develop solutions, for instance, assisted individual hotel companies and tourism organizations in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, and the Ukraine in comparing communication strategies and designing trenchant websites [45]. Senior Leadership Programme offers a coordinate route to developing the competencies required for top-level management.\r\nThe programme offers psychometric assessment and course content delivered by direct university academics that is focused on connecting with individual corporate, personal and career goals. IHG is also the only hotel group that offers assessment centres across the world to help high performing individuals in corporate, executive and supervisory roles move on and up to the next level. The most important promise that IHG gives to each and everyone who works for it is room to grow.\r\n'

'Achieving and Maintaining Excellence\r'

'I moot myself to be a work in progress, as I get older I rally myself destinying and desiring more knocked out(p) of spirit. Especially, when it deals with goals and objectives that female genital organ eventually convince my thought touch on. In ball club for me to get my set goals as well as attain excellence I would take aim to change my accepted short letters with family, education, work surround as well as on a personalised note marriage. These entities deliver stability and uphold me in moving antecedent in the right direction. There are so many factors in relation to achieving certain things and I commit that Peter Senge’s Five Disciplines garter in achieving those measures.Ideally they relate to your very existence in effectively and efficiently carrying out those stepping st iodins towards gaining greater insight, a aim to learn, sense your surround, view points, and systematically visualiseing the measures of possibilities from within and in our daily lives. Five Disciplines in-person control ideally is the spiritually mechanism that we arrest inside(a) of us, personal growth is a substantial entity to need and neediness. For me my personal growth would be to change my attitude towards certain things, learn from them and snap on creation a smash me in the assist.This testament allow me to be open to more things that giveing bring me ultimate joy. Becoming one with self, god, work, education, family and life supporters me to achieve so much more than what it appears to be, comfort is something we flout for and personal mastery is that for me, al near kindred connecting to my inner self. It also has been said that it is also accepted to develop one’s own personal sources of power, such as one’s re dropation, technological abilities, clear personal objectives, positive relationships with other(a)s, communication effectiveness, and self-con?dence and optimism (Lynch, 1993, pp. 39â€44). Mental Models sometimes I think that I arbitrator or even assume things that are not in truth thither. Until I had jury duty, and honestly adage firsthand the focussing we as people judge others just because of what they are being charged with. Until you sample all sides you begin to depend the bigger picture, and follow a shift in your thinking process and that happened for me. We place everyone in wee boxes, clusters of sorts and generalize them in a negative undertone that layabout be farthest from the truth.I deliberate that everyone has a story and it’s up to us to decipher what is the truth. Myself I straightway believe that we are all on the similar playing field and deserve to be inured equal. This is one field of honor whereas I will focus on changing about myself, understanding others in the process. Building Shared mountain is something that I hold back aspired with connecting to. One of my goals is to move to a low in sire area where the need is g reat and open a non-profit shaping that will help addiction, teenager concerns, gay, lesbian and transgender, or even a place where children can allow place to be children.I know that might be difficult, but for me it is a challenge that I am willing to struggle for. I whitethorn not pee all the answers or the money to do so but it’s my eagerness to want to help those particular populations. Chapter 11 soils that eventually in that location should be a â€Å"guiding coalition” (Kotter, 1996) whose members turn oer the power, expertise, credibility, and leadership to make change happen. And that’s just what I will need in order to make this dream a reality. team up attainment with this I flip learned that working as a team benefits what you are trying to accomplish.Since being in this school and experiencing this type of learning environment make me take note that one has to communicate, regard others and value everyone’s input. So this is how I approach path my every day work and life exchanges. In chapter 11, Perlmutter (1985â€1986) proposes four â€Å"approaches for proactive leadership,” from severally one of which requires political sophistication. These approaches hold working with the appropriate political subdivisions, utilizing the voluntary sector, mobilizing international constituencies, and pursuing legal options.We catch to understand our surroundings in order to learn from and build mop up. Systems thinking is just an integration of all of five disciplines. I would think that each provides a specific role in how we are to function on a daily basis. Ultimately, we want change and change is of the essence, Proehl (2001) suggests â€Å" playacting quickly and revising frequently” (p. 109) to ensure that changes make up the desired results or can be modi?ed. integration certain entities changes the response and how we do what we do in terms of service and self-growth.In terms of skills for growth and assessing myself, I would redeem to say that I believe that I can accomplish more with believe that I can and learning all that I can with work, school and life in general. Understanding that there is no difference in how we see things if we put the shoe on the other foot, this is the only way to change that thinking pattern. Noting and believing that I can do whatever is necessary (with the right tools and approaches) to believe that I can make a little difference in the lives that I cross. Communication is list to success and how we formalize the necessary measures in purpose what we can do as a people.I believe in what I have said and to the power point of finding solace in my thinking process and motivates me to want and need more. If one was to integrate each of the discipline into an assessment one would have to understand the direct need to do so. In chapter 11 page 254 it states, this function of leadership is essential in ensuring integration of and alignmen t among all aspects of the organization. Personal Mastery and Thinking Systems as we integrate these ii entities one would have to really dig deep inside to form an association between the two.There is a thirst or desire to want to improve on self, relationships, friendship and family. Before one can eventually do this you have to change from within, for me this is what I jazz up to do. I have changed a lot, I no longer think of self first, changed my beliefs and aspirations, and have a yearning to learn as much as possible. This will help me to build on my dreams and be able to pass that hunger for education to my children as well. I want to lead by pattern by showing my children that you have to work spartan for what you want and that education is your primary focus at all times.Mental Models and Thinking Systems it takes a strong promontory to want to change ones outcome, changing the way we see people is showing that we can change out assumptions on others. For me it†™s seeing past the jumpy exterior and looking at the totality of the situation or person. I utilise believe that if two people were together and something happens then they are conscience-smitten as one, or if you wear your pants off your behind then you are from the streets or if you used street slang you are ghetto. That is the farthest from the truth, the most powerful person is those who have street smarts and an education.You may not know this but what I have described was once my life, lived in the ghetto, had wore the tradition coiffe of those in the ghetto and used street slang. What ultimately changed that for me was when my experience died and I began to take life seriously. Shared Vision and Thinking Systems my thinking is putting the needs of other before my own, wanting to change or help someone with their issues as well as providing resources that will uplift their lives of a particular population. Sometimes the need is to provide a helping hand quite a than ha ving a door slammed in your face.I think what largely made me come to this conclusion is when my mother died. It made me understand who Natasha truly is and what I was doing with my life. It humbled me in so many ways, no one really knows the impact was living with an addict and having choose drugs over you. That has forever and a day been a catalyst towards everything I have ever wanted to do, that’s why I sort out the field of human service, I want to be there for someone the wish I couldn’t be for my mother without notion or looking down on them. Team learning and Thinking Systems I have always been a team player, whatever specifics was needed I would get it done.I enjoy working and communicating ideals that potentially change the prospects for myself as well as anyone I am working with. We build off of each other, learn from each other, work together and help each other for a purpose. We all have different outlooks, ideas and aspirations which form an allegian ce of sorts that makes us better people and facilitating the process of helping others. This is my framework in understanding the true me, identifying the things that make who I am, were I have, and who I have grown to be and inspire to be.The changes that I have moved passed have excite me to achieve so many wonderful things like children I didn’t children (before my mother died but because I was the only child that changed right away), education I took it for granted by dropping out of mettlesome school and look at me now, I have my Associate’s Degree in benevolent Services and working (4 more classes) towards my Bachelor’s Degree and I am going ship with the Master’s Program in well-disposed Work, Public Health or staying in gentle Services. These are all attainable goals because this is something I want and will achieve.I will of course stay in the hospital I currently work with because they have so many opportunities but through my man and wif e I can relocate to another metropolis (that’s another goal that I have), I plan on within the next 2 years to move to a southern state because it would be better for my children as well as myself (peace in spirit, mind and soul) all of which will be done with my husband as well. My goals are a priority and they will be made a reality, one step at a time, with the flavor of focusing on me first and everything else will come into play.\r\n'

'Principles of Auditing\r'

'A confederacy has not followed generally accepted business relationship principles In the recording of its leases. 7 2. A company has not followed generally accepted measureing principles In the recording of its leases. The amounts involved argon im natural. 1 3. A company abide byd its stemma at present-day(prenominal) replacement cost. While the tender believes that the document cost do approximate replacement costs, these costs do not approximate any GAAP inventory valuation manner. 7 4.A knob modificationd Its dispraise method for production equipment from the traight-line method to the units-of-production method found on hours of utilization. The attendant concurs with the change. 2 5. A client changed its depreciation method for production equipment from the straight-line to a units-of-production method based on hours of utilization. The attendant does not concur with the change. 7 6. A client changed the depreci able-bodied life of certain assets from 10 eld t o 12 years.The meeter concurs with the change. 3 7. A client changed the depreciable life of certain assets from 10 years to 12 years. The auditor does not concur with the change. hold in to fixed assets and ccumulated depreciation, the misstatements involved are not considered pervasive. 3 8. A client changed from the method it uses to calculate postemployment benefits from wizard acceptable method to another one. The effect of the change Is Im real(a) this year, but is expected to be material in the future. 1 9.A client changed the salvage value of certain assets from 5 per centum to 10 percent of original cost. The auditor concurs with the change. 1 10, A client uses the specific identification method of accounting for valuable Items in inventory, and LIFO for less valuable items. The auditor concurs that this is a reasonable practice. 1 tOf3 has substantial uncertainty about an entitys ability to continue as a going concern for a reasonable effect of time. The notes to t he pecuniary statements adequately disclose the situation. 12. Due to pass off operating ventes and give waying capital deficiencies, an auditor reasonable period of time. The notes to the pecuniary statements do not adequately disclose the substantial doubt situation, and the auditor believes the omission fundamentally affects the users understanding of the monetary statements. 4 13. An auditor reporting on stem financial statements decides to take responsibility for the work of a serving auditor who audited a 70 percent own subsidiary and issued an unmodified opinion.The natural assets and revenues of the subsidiary are 5 percent and 8 percent, respectively, of the conglomeration assets and revenues of the entity universe audited. 1 14. An auditor reporting on group financial statements decides not to take responsibility for the work of a component auditor who audited a 70 percent owned subsidiary and issued an unqualified opinion. The total assets and revenues of the u bsidiary are 5 percent and 8 percent, respectively, of the total assets and revenues of the entity being audited. 10 15.An auditor was hired afterwards closing and was unable to observe the counting of the closing inventory. She is unable to apply other procedures to determine whether expiry inventory and related information are decently stated. 8 16. An auditor was hired after year-end and was unable to observe the counting of the year-end inventory. However, she was able to apply other procedures and determined that ending inventory and related information are properly stated. 1 17. An auditor discovered that a client make illegal political payoffs toa candidate for president of the get together States.The auditor was unable to determine that amounts associated with the payoffs because of the clients inadequate record- holding policies. The client has added a note to the financial statements to report the illegal payments and has stated that the amounts of the payments are not determinable. 1 18. An auditor discovered that a client make illegal political payoffs toa candidate retention policies, although there is no likelihood that the financial statements are ervasively misstated, they whitethorn be materially misstated.The client refuses to disclose the payoffs in a note to the financial statements. 3 19. In auditing the long-term investments account of a new client, an auditor finds that a large contingent liability exists that is material to the consolidated company. It is probable that this contingent liability result be resolved with a material loss in the future, but the amount is not skilful. Although no adjusting entry has been made, the client has provided a note to the financial statements that describes the matter in etail. 1 20.In auditing the long-term investments account ofa new client, an auditor finds future, and this amount is reasonably estimable as $2,000,000. Although no adjusting entry has been made, the client has provided a note to the financial statements that describes the matter in exposit and includes the $2,000,000 estimate in that note. 7 21. A client is issuing two years of comparative financial statements. The first year was audited by another auditor who is not being asked to reissue her audit report. (Reply as to the successor auditors report.\r\n'

'Country’s economy Essay\r'

'These are goods that merchantmannot be caterd by the mysterious sphere but are really subjective to the development of a country’s economy. They are usually in truth expensive undertakings with less returns or take a long while for the robeors to recoup their money back. This makes them to be less bewitching to the private sector investors who are mainly driven by the profit motive and would thus be unwilling to invest their resources in such projects.\r\nThe governing has the mandate of providing such goods that are very essential which have indivisible cost with a borderline cost of zero (Kaul, 2006). It is not possible to very much charge the familiar for the utilizing such goods. The government can therefore, only collect taxes from the public to enable it provide public goods. Public goods in this category take roads and state security provided by the policemen who are paid by the government.\r\nThere are early(a) public goods that even though, they ha ve high returns and the private sector can be able to invest in them, they cannot be set asideed to do so by the government due to the amount of risk involved. Manufacturing or trading of weapons is a risky activity that no government can be willing to allow it to be done by the private sector as it would put the public into a accord of risk since the private sector investors in such an industry would mostly be guided by the profit motive and not whether or not ammunitions will be on the wrong give or the right ones (Kaul, 2006).\r\nThe public goods are very important to everyone, including the private investors who shy away from drop their resources in such ventures. It is this importance that makes the government to be under obligation of providing such goods to its people since they are very essential and it is only the government that is beaver placed to provide them (Kaul, 2006). Reference: Kaul, I. (2006): What is a public good? Retrieved on 17th June 2009 from, http://mo ndediplo. com/2000/06/15publicgood.\r\n'

'Nuclear Weapons Persuasive Essay Essay\r'

'Should both country return the castigate to possess thermo thermo thermo thermo atomic weapons?\r\nOn the 6th November 1945, a f only in States zep flew to contendds the Japanese city of Hiroshima. The only cargo aboard that B-29 floper was an atomic break down †ironically nicknamed â€Å" lowly Boy” †that was to be dropped on its target. At 8.15am and at a height of around 2,000ft the bomb set off above Hiroshima, taking 140,000 lives with it. Most of the 140,000 died instantly, horrifyingly the comfort of the innocent civilians that were non in direct allude with the bomb died painful deaths in the four months following. They died from radiation sickness and different types of cancers. Whilst the atomic bomb is considered as one of the greatest inventions of all time, in term of how it could protect a nation, is it really worth having umpteen steps of govern custodyts on edge at the thought of a weapon so powerful? Ronald Reagan described ther monuclear weapons as: â€Å"Totally irrational, totally inhumane, good for cypher but killing, mayhap leading to the destruction of vitality on Earth and civilisation.” He spoke energy but the truth. US President Reagan was a nuclear abolitionist. He believed that the only reason to have nuclear ordnance was to prevent the Soviet Union from utilize theirs. Between them alone the United States and Russia have much than 90% of the earthly concern’s nuclear weapons. why do these countries feel the hire to posses so m either nuclear warheads? Dominance, power and paranoia. Although or so of their weapons may patently just be left over from the wintry War, this is not an exc give. They could have easily been destroyed by now. Countries like Russia and the United States crave power. In mod times the to the highest degree important substance to stock-purchase warrant power is weapons. Countries in possession of nuclear weapons utilise them to sc atomic number 1 8 and intimidate other nations. One twenty-four hour period this could backfire and the consequences would be deadly. Take North Korea and America. When Kim-Jong Un tried and true to invade South Korea, Barack Obama expo readd them with an atomic bomb. As soon as that was done North Korea knew they had a study diplomatic wall socket and rescinded their threat. A major threat to world peace is the latent issue that certain smaller countries are likely to originate against be manipulated and not having the ability to retaliate. To ensure that they neutralise being bullied by big powers they may take in to produce their own nuclear warheads. As antecedently tell, the reason two superpowers like Russia and the United States uphold a significant arsenal of nuclear weaponry is down to the item that frankly, they are paranoid. If you can convey most of the nuclear warheads in the world and then surely nobody could ever harm your country. This is sure enough not the case. B y having so many hazardous weapons you are not only a bigger threat to potential enemies but practically at that place is the additional threat that Terrorists could pose if they ever managed to doctor or steal some of these weapons.\r\nMorally we should also be questioning the validity of nuclear weapons, if the leadership of a country say that it is ok to use an extreme sanction like nuclear weapons to threaten enemies then what’s to say that civilians do not do the same thing on a smaller scale? In the beginning of the atomic age atom bombs were created to end the war and to hold back numerous lives. By this I mean that arguably, innumerable lives were saved due to the fact that when the bomb was dropped on Hiroshima the Japanese virtually surrendered straight away. If they hadn’t surrendered the war possibly would have gone on for a lot longer. In contrast to this, look at what has become of nuclear weapons now. Instead of saving lives, atomic bombs are now kept with the goal of extra mass murder. What makes the monsters that enforce the use of nuclear weaponry any different from Adolf Hitler, Pol Pot or Joseph Stalin? Even though the atomic bombs are not in use at this moment, anyone or any government in possession of these weapons have the intention to inflict large amounts of pain on long bod of people. Rajiv Gandhi said that the â€Å"nuclear war impart not mean the death of one hundred million people. Or even a guanine million. It leave alone mean the extinction of four thousand million: the end of life as we contend it on planet earth.” The prospect of a nuclear war is just a horrendous thought, a thought that should never cross our minds. Recently, President Barack Obama and bloom of youth Minister Dmitry Medvedev signed a treaty byword that both countries are willing to reduce their amount of nuclear weapons by one third. It is comforting to see that the US and Russia are starting to destroy their atomic bomb s but it is not good enough. They need to law of closure reducing their arsenal of weapons and eliminate them completely. Opponents of this idea arrogate that owning arnaments like atomic bombs mutually assures governments that they both have the potential for ultimate destruction. But is that really a good or virtuous thing? quite a little who appear to be psychopaths run a number of countries. For instance take the ruler of Zimbabwe: Robert Mugabe. He is at the potentially senile age of 89. His mind is failing. back you begin to comprehend what would happen if he got his pass on on an atomic bomb? The result would be anarchy. Or take the ruler of Syria, President Assad. He has already murdered masses of people by chemical gas attack and has publicly stated that he would destroy the state of Israel. For rulers like these men to possess weapons with such a huge annihilative potential is a simply ludicrous thought. If some unhinged individual were to drop an atomic bomb now it would result in retaliation and possibly the biggest global catastrophe this planet has ever seen.\r\nWe need to think about the consequences. It is a statement of fact that the more of something being produced the easier it is to acquire. Yes, this can concern nuclear weapons also. When more nuclear warheads are being make in that location is a bigger chance of them being stolen or worse being detonated. Therefore, there is a much larger risk of them falling into the aggrieve hands. According to the International Atomic Energy Agency, there have been 18 cases of loss but most likely theft of uranium and plutonium. These elements are key when constructing a bomb. To make matters worse, there have been 11 whole nuclear bombs lost in the United States. They have never been recovered. If agencies and governments are finding it herculean to keep track of their materials now, think of how impossible it would be if e real country had their own arsenal of nuclear weapons? If these los t bombs are in the hands of terrorists at present I can guarantee that they will currently be considering how best to use them to maximise their effect.\r\nTo conclude, the fact is that if every country were to have the right to possess nuclear weapons we would all be nourishment in constant fear of attack. Our lives would be very different; we would be insecure with regards to our safety and this would concern greatly on how we lived our lives †we would need to be importantly more vigilant. A small example of this is the potential effect that liquid explosives has on air transit where we can’t take any fluids that are more than 100ml into an airport. That is just for liquid explosives, what limits would be inevitable to ensure nuclear components weren’t being fateful? If one country were to drop a bomb it would set off a chain reaction, all it would take is for one rogue state or organisation to detonate a bomb and the world would effectively end through nu clear Armageddon.\r\nBIBLIOGRAPHY\r\nhttp://nonukes.org/cd18_sixarg.htm\r\nhttp://www.abolishnukes.com/short_essays/ten_reasons_krieger.html http://www.debate.org/opinions/should-nuclear-weapons-be-abolished http://debatewise.org/debates/144-eliminate-all-nuclear-weapons/\r\n'

'Personality Theorists Bandura and Maslow\r'

'Personality is a bewitching subject to study, because every person has a record that is unique and complex. Personality theorists spend their time erectvass the reasons why mint bout the way they do. ar their innate processes that ensure a person will react to a spotlight differently if he is hungry? How will two different people behave if they twain witness the same come across crash?How expression is affected and determined has been commodevas for years, and in that location be many different theories. deuce theorists who have contri barelyed epoch-makingly to this field of study be Bandura and Maslow.Bandura, like all fashionists, was primarily interested in the stimulus-response branch of psychology. Having studied mule skinner’s progress to Behaviorism, Bandura did agree that orthogonal forces contributed to manners. He turn overd environmental situations and reinforcers occupy to certain behaviors. But Bandura withal set let out to answer some p roblems he found with Skinner’s theory. As Wagner (2009) states, even in his earliest work, Bandura argued that believing behavior could only be caused by a stimulus-response cycle was too simplistic.His studies led him to believe that behavior was not only a chemical reaction to environmental stimuli as Skinner had proposed, but could in addition be learned from watching a determine perform the behavior that could be copied. He overly believed that learning could be cognitive. One of the some significant observations Bandura made during his studies was that while the environment did cause behaviors, behaviors could likewise create an environment. This phenomenon he called reciprocal determinism: The world and a person’s behavior cause for each one separate.Bandura also believed that self-efficacy contributed to behavior. A person’s essential need to attain goals could cause them to behave in a way that ensured them success. Due to his research, Bandur a argued that external and intragroup factors affected behavior. People can necessitate to act a certain way, or the environment can cause them to act a certain way. another(prenominal) theorist who made significant contributions to personality and behavior theory was Maslow. His most significant theory was his psyche of a hierarchy of human ineluctably.At the most introductory level, humans have intrinsic needs, such as food and shelter, and the feeling of safety. Internal factors such as being hungry and the ability to breathe correctly contribute to outward behaviors. Lemer (2000) summarized Maslow’s ideas into a hard-nosed application, by stating that, with children, adults should address the higher level needs for safety, security and knowledge only after the most primitive biological needs are met. Clearly, national needs factor into behavior.As a people move up the hierarchy however, external factors begin to institute a much larger role in behavior choice. Con cepts such as morality, respect, and self-esteem are influenced by external factors such as societal demands and personal interactions. Maslow, like Bandura, believed that both inner and external factors contributed to behaviors. People behave certain ways at certain times due to a unnumerable of factors. Both of these theorists make powerful cases for the idea that behavior is both intrinsically and externally motivated. The case for internal motivation is solid.There are times when people choose to behave in a certain modality due to a need for respect, to fulfill a perceived role, or to attain a goal. Their behavior during those times is due to an internal desire for something. However, there are other times when environmental factors also cause behavior. A person may be trying to act a certain way, but a situation may arise that causes them to interchange the course of their behavior. It is also true that people can learn through simple observation, and this has to be caused by both internal and external factors.The environment and the situation the person is watching is shaping their behavior. But it also the internal need to duplicate the behavior of the other person that causes them to watch and learn. Both Bandura and Maslow believed that behavior was both internally and externally motivated. References Wagner, K. V. (2009). Albert Bandura biography. Retrieved May 10, 2009 from http://psychology. about. com/od/profilesofmajorthinkers/p/bio_bandura. htmfrom Lemer, P. S. (2000). Treat needs, not behavior: Maslow for the millennium. New Developments, 6(2), 23-26.\r\n'

'Chapter 4 Back to the Burrow\r'

'By twelve oclock the following day, chevys school tree trunk was packed with his school occasions and only(prenominal) his most(prenominal) prized possessions †the Invisibility Cloak he had genetical from his father, the b inhabitstick he had gotten from Sirius, the enchanted map of Hogwarts he had been given by Fred and George Weasley last grade. He had emptied his cin one caseal place under the loose floorboard of whole food, double-checked e precise nook and cranny of his bedroom for disregarded spellbooks or quills, and thinkn down the chart on the w entirely counting down the days to family line the first, on which he compar up to(p)d to cross eat up the days remaining until his return to Hogwarts.\r\nThe atmosp present inner number four, Privet Drive was extremely tense. The imminent stretch at their house of an assortwork forcet of wizards was making the Dursleys restive and irri wander off. Uncle Vernon had shadeed downright alarmed when encrust in formed him that the Weasleys would be arriving at five oclock the truly a justting day.\r\nâ€Å"I hope you told them to dress properly, these people,” he snarled at once. â€Å"Ive seen the sort of stuff your rush wear. Theyd better spend a penny the decency to put on normal clothes, thats all.”\r\n irritate tangle a s lighthearted sense of foreboding. He had rarely seen Mr. or Mrs. Weasley wearing anything that the Dursleys would call â€Å"normal.” Their children mogul bust Muggle clothing during the holidays, entirely Mr. and Mrs. Weasley usually wore long robes in varying states of shabbiness. nark wasnt b otherwiseed ab come forward what the neighbors would think, solely he was anxious about how rude the Dursleys mogul be to the Weasleys if they turned up facial expression similar their worst idea of wizards.\r\nUncle Vernon had put on his outdo suit. To some people, this might drive looked like a gesture of welcome, simply waste knew it wa s because Uncle Vernon wanted to look impressive and intimidating. Dudley, on the other hand, looked somehow diminished. This was not because the diet was at last taking effect, but due to fright. Dudley had emerged from his last encounter with a fully grown wizard with a curly pigs in arrears poking out of the seat of his trousers, and aunty genus genus genus genus Petunia and Uncle Vernon had had to pay for its removal at a esoteric hospital in London. It wasnt alto birthher surprising, therefore, that Dudley kept track his hand nervously over his natesside, and walking obliquely from room to room, so as not to demo the same tar apprehend to the enemy.\r\nLunch was an to the highest degree smooth meal. Dudley didnt even protest at the food (cottage high mallow and grated celery). auntie Petunia wasnt, eating anything at all. Her build up were folded, her lips were pursed, and she seemed to be manducate her spittle, as though vinegarish tush the furious diatribe sh e longed to throw at raise.\r\nâ€Å"Theyll be driving, of course?” Uncle Vernon barked across the table.\r\nâ€Å"Er,” tell get at.\r\nHe hadnt thought of that. How were the Weasleys going to pick him up? They didnt have a machine anymore; the old interbreeding Anglia they had once owned was currently running fantastic in the Forbidden Forest at Hogwarts. just now Mr. Weasley had borrowed a Ministry of Magic car last year; possibly he would do the same directly?\r\nâ€Å"I think so,” express Harry.\r\nUncle Vernon snorted into his moldinessache. Normally, Uncle Vernon would have asked what car Mr. Weasley set; he tended to judge other men by how big and expensive their cars were. only if Harry doubted whether Uncle Vernon would have taken to Mr. Weasley even if he drove a Ferrari.\r\nHarry spent most of the afternoon in his bedroom; he couldnt hurt ceremonial occasion aunt Petunia peer out through and through the net curtains ever soy few seconds , as though there had been a warning about an open frame loose rhinoceros. Finally, at a quarter to five, Harry went back downstairs and into the brio room.\r\n auntie Petunia was obsessionally straightening cushions. Uncle Vernon was pretending to read the paper, but his tiny look were not moving, and Harry was sure he was very listening with all his might for the healthy of an orgasm car. Dudley was crammed into an armchair, his porky hands beneath him, clamped firmly around his bottom. Harry couldnt take the tension; he left the room and went and sat on the stairs in the hall, his eye on his watch and his copt pumping fast from agitation and nerves.\r\nBut five oclock came and thus went. Uncle Vernon, perspiring slightly in his suit, opened the front door, peered up and down the street, then withdrew his head promptly.\r\nâ€Å"Theyre late!” he snarled at Harry.\r\nâ€Å"I know,” utter Harry. â€Å"Maybe †er †the traffics bad, or something.â⠂¬Â\r\nTen past five…then a quarter past five…Harry was get-go to feel anxious himself now. At one-half past, he ascertaind Uncle Vernon and Aunt Petunia conversing in kinky mutters in the keep room.\r\nâ€Å"No consideration at all.”\r\nâ€Å"We mightve had an engagement.”\r\nâ€Å"Maybe they think theyll get invited to dinner if theyre late.”\r\nâ€Å"Well, they most certainly wont be,” verbalize Uncle Vernon, and Harry heard him stand up and start pacing the living room. â€Å"Theyll take the boy and go, therell be no give earing around. Thats if theyre approach shot at all. Probably mistaken the day. I dare differentiate their material body dont set much store by punctuality. both that or they drive some tin-pot car thats humbled d -AAAAAAAARRRRRGH!”\r\nHarry jumped up. From the other side of the living room door came the sounds of the three Dursleys scrambling, panic-stricken, across the room. neighboring moment Dudley came flying into the hall, aspect terrified.\r\nâ€Å"What happened?” give tongue to Harry. â€Å"Whats the affaire?”\r\nBut Dudley didnt seem able to speak. Hands take over clamped over his buttocks, he waddled as fast as he could into the kitchen. Harry hurried into the living room.\r\n specious bangings and scrapings were coming from behind the Dursleys boarded-up displaceplace, which had a fake char evict plugged in front of it.\r\nâ€Å"What is it?” gasped Aunt Petunia, who had endorse into the wall and was staring, terrified, toward the fire. â€Å"What is it, Vernon?”\r\nBut they were left in doubt barely a second longer. Voices could be heard from inside the blocked hearth.\r\nâ€Å"Ouch! Fred, no †go back, go back, theres been some kind of mistake †check George not to †OUCH! George, no, theres no room, go back quickly and tell Ron -â€Å"\r\nâ€Å"Maybe Harry loafer hear us, Dad †maybe hell be able to permit us out -â€Å"\r\nThere was a audible hammering of fists on the boards behind the electric fire.\r\nâ€Å"Harry? Harry, can you hear us?”\r\nThe Dursleys rounded on Harry like a pair of black wolverines.\r\nâ€Å"What is this?” growled Uncle Vernon. â€Å"Whats going on?”\r\nâ€Å"They †theyve tried to get here by Floo powder,” said Harry, fighting a sick(p) desire to laugh. â€Å"They can travel by fire †only youve blocked the fireside †hang on -â€Å"\r\nHe approached the fireplace and called through the boards.\r\nâ€Å"Mr. Weasley? Can you hear me?”\r\nThe hammering s raisingped. Somebody inside the chimney rear said, â€Å"Shh!”\r\nâ€Å"Mr. Weasley, its Harry…the fireplace has been blocked up. You wont be able to get through there.”\r\nâ€Å"Damn!” said Mr. Weasleys role. â€Å"What on earth did they want to block up the fireplace for?”\r\nâ€Å"Theyve got an electric fire,” Harry explained.\r\nâ€Å"Really?” said Mr. Weasleys voice excitedly. â€Å"Eclectic, you say? With a plug? Gracious, I must see that….Lets think…Ouch, Ron!”\r\nRons voice now conjugated the others.\r\nâ€Å"What are we doing here? Has something gone wrong?”\r\nâ€Å"Oh no, Ron,” came Freds voice, very sarcastically. â€Å"No, this is exactly where we wanted to end up.”\r\nâ€Å"Yeah, were having the time of our lives here,” said George, whose voice sounded muffled, as though he was squashed against the wall.\r\nâ€Å"Boys, boys…” said Mr. Weasley vaguely. â€Å"Im nerve-wracking to think what to do….Yes…only way…Stand back, Harry.”\r\nHarry retreated to the sofa. Uncle Vernon, however, travel forward.\r\nâ€Å"Wait a moment!” he bellowed at the fire. â€Å"What exactly are you going to -â€Å"\r\nBANG.\r\nThe electric fire shot across the room as the boarded-up fireplace burst outward, expelling Mr. Weasley, Fred, George, and Ron in a debauch of rubble and loose chippings. Aunt Petunia shrieked and fell backward over the coffee table; Uncle Vernon caught her forrader she hit the floor, and gaped, speechless, at the Weasleys, all of whom had able red hair, including Fred and George, who were identical to the last freckle.\r\nâ€Å"Thats better,” panted Mr. Weasley, brushing pass around from his long green robes and straightening his glasses. â€Å"Ah †you must be Harrys aunt and uncle!”\r\nTall, thin, and balding, he moved toward Uncle Vernon, his hand outstretched, but Uncle Vernon backed away several paces, dragging Aunt Petunia. language utterly failed Uncle Vernon. His best suit was covered in white clean, which had settled in his hair and mustache and made him look as though he had just aged thirty years.\r\nâ€Å"Er †yes †muddied about that,” said Mr. Weasley, lowering his hand and looking over his shoulder at the blasted fireplace. â€Å"Its all my fault. It just didnt occur to me that we wouldnt be able to get out at the other end. I had your fireplace connected to the Floo Network, you see †just for an afternoon, you know, so we could get Harry. Muggle fireplaces arent supposed to be connected, strictly speaking †but Ive got a useful contact at the Floo jurisprudence Panel and he fixed it for me. I can put it right in a jiffy, though, dont worry. Ill light a fire to send the boys back, and then I can repair your fireplace before I Disapparate.”\r\nHarry was ready to bet that the Dursleys hadnt understood a single word of this. They were s money box gaping at Mr. Weasley, thunderstruck. Aunt Petunia staggered upright again and hid behind Uncle Vernon.\r\nâ€Å"Hello, Harry!” said Mr. Weasley brightly. â€Å"Got your trunk ready?”\r\nâ€Å"Its upstairs,” said Harry, grinning back.\r\nâ€Å"Well get it,” said Fred at once. nictitation at Harry, he and George left the room. They knew where Harrys bedroom was, having once rescued him from it in the dead of night. Harry suspect that Fred and George were hoping for a glimpse of Dudley; they had heard a lot about him from Harry.\r\nâ€Å"Well,” said Mr. Weasley, swinging his arms slightly, teeny-weeny-arm he tried to find words to break the very nasty silence. â€Å"Very †erm †very exquisite place youve got here.”\r\nAs the usually spotless living room was now covered in dust and bits of brick, this remark didnt go down too salutary with the Dursleys. Uncle Vernons formulation purpled once more, and Aunt Petunia started chewing her tongue again. However, they seemed too scared to actually say anything.\r\nMr. Weasley was looking around. He loved anything to do with Muggles. Harry could see him itching to go and examine the television receiver and the video recorder.\r\nâ€Å"They run off eckeltricity, do they?” he said knowledgeably.  "Ah yes, I can see the plugs. I collect plugs,” he added to Uncle Vernon. â€Å"And batteries. Got a very oversize collection of batteries. My wife thinks Im mad, but there you are.”\r\nUncle Vernon clear thought Mr. Weasley was mad too. He moved ever so slightly to the right, screening Aunt Petunia from view, as though he thought Mr. Weasley might suddenly run at them and attack.\r\nDudley suddenly reappeared in the room. Harry could hear the clunk of his trunk on the stairs, and knew that the sounds had scared Dudley out of the kitchen. Dudley edged along the wall, gazing at Mr. Weasley with terrified eyes, and attempted to conceal himself behind his return and father. Unfortunately, Uncle Vernons bulk, while sufficient to hide bony Aunt Petunia, was nowhere near enough to conceal Dudley.\r\nâ€Å"Ah, this is your cousin, is it, Harry?” said Mr. Weasley, taking another brave thrust at making conversation.\r\nâ€Å"Yep,” said Harry, â€Å"thats Dudle y.”\r\nHe and Ron exchange glances and then quickly looked away from each other; the temptation to burst out laughing was almost overwhelming. Dudley was still clutching his bottom as though shitless it might fall off. Mr. Weasley, however, seemed genuinely concerned at Dudleys peculiar behavior. Indeed, from the tone of his voice when he next spoke, Harry was quite an sure that Mr. Weasley thought Dudley was quite as mad as the Dursleys thought he was, except that Mr. Weasley felt sympathy rather than fear.\r\nâ€Å"Having a good holiday, Dudley?” he said kindly.\r\nDudley whimpered. Harry truism his hands tighten still inviolableer over his colossal backside.\r\nFred and George came back into the room carrying Harrys school trunk. They glanced around as they entered and spotted Dudley. Their faces cracked into identical evil grins.\r\nâ€Å"Ah, right,” said Mr. Weasley. â€Å"Better get cracking then.”\r\nHe pushed up the sleeves of his robes and to ok out his wand. Harry saw the Dursleys draw back against the wall as one.\r\nâ€Å"Incendio!” said Mr. Weasley, pointing his wand at the hole in the wall behind him.\r\nFlames arise at once in the fireplace, crackling mirthfully as though they had been burning for hours. Mr. Weasley took a small drawstring bag from his sacking, untied it, took a get up of the powder inside, and threw it onto the flames, which turned emerald green and roared higher than ever.\r\nâ€Å" saturnine you go then, Fred,” said Mr. Weasley.\r\nâ€Å"Coming,” said Fred. â€Å"Oh no †hang on -â€Å"\r\nA bag of sweets had spilled out of Freds pocket and the contents were now rolling in every direction †big, fat toffys in brightly colored wrappers.\r\nFred scrambled around, cramming them back into his pocket, then gave the Dursleys a well-provided wave, stepped forward, and walked right into the fire, saying â€Å"the Burrow!” Aunt Petunia gave a little shuddering g asp. There was a whooshing sound, and Fred vanished.\r\nâ€Å"Right then, George,” said Mr. Weasley, â€Å"you and the trunk.”\r\nHarry helped George carry the trunk forward into the flames and turn it onto its end so that he could hold it better. Then, with a second whoosh, George had cried â€Å"the Burrow!” and vanished too.\r\nâ€Å"Ron, you next,” said Mr. Weasley.\r\nâ€Å"See you,” said Ron brightly to the Dursleys. He grinned in the main at Harry, then stepped into the fire, shouted â€Å"the Burrow!” and disappeared.\r\n flat Harry and Mr. Weasley alone remained.\r\nâ€Å"Well…bye then,” Harry said to the Dursleys.\r\nThey didnt say anything at all. Harry moved toward the fire, but just as he reached the edge of the hearth, Mr. Weasley put out a hand and held him back. He was looking at the Dursleys in amazement.\r\nâ€Å"Harry said good day to you,” he said. â€Å"Didnt you hear him?”\r\nâ€Å"It doesn t matter,” Harry muttered to Mr. Weasley. â€Å"Honestly, I dont care.”\r\nMr. Weasley did not remove his hand from Harrys shoulder.\r\nâ€Å"You arent going to see your nephew till next summer,” he said to Uncle Vernon in bonkers indignation. â€Å"Surely youre going to say good-bye?”\r\nUncle Vernons face worked furiously. The idea of being taught consideration by a man who had just blasted away half his living room wall seemed to be causing him intense suffering. But Mr. Weasleys wand was still in his hand, and Uncle Vernons tiny eyes darted to it once, before he said, very resentfully, â€Å"Good-bye, then.”\r\nâ€Å"See you,” said Harry, putting one posterior forward into the green flames, which felt pleasantly like warm breath. At that moment, however, a horrible gagging sound erupted behind him, and Aunt Petunia started to scream.\r\nHarry rotate around. Dudley was no longer standing behind his parents. He was kneeling beside the co ffee table, and he was gagging and sputtering on a foot-long, purple, slimy thing that was protruding from his mouth. peerless bewildered second later, Harry realized that the foot-long thing was Dudleys tongue †and that a brightly colored toffee wrapper lay on the floor before him.\r\nAunt Petunia hurled herself onto the ground beside Dudley, seized the end of his increase tongue, and attempted to wrench it out of his mouth; unsurprisingly, Dudley yelled and sputtered worse than ever, trying to fight her off. Uncle Vernon was bellowing and gesture his arms around, and Mr. Weasley had to shout to make himself heard.\r\nâ€Å"Not to worry, I can sort him out!” he yelled, locomote on Dudley with his wand outstretched, but Aunt Petunia screamed worse than ever and threw herself on top of Dudley, protect him from Mr. Weasley.\r\nâ€Å"No, really!” said Mr. Weasley desperately. â€Å"Its a simple performance it was the toffee †my son Fred †real practic al bomb †but its only an Engorgement Charm †at least, I think it is †please, I can correct it -â€Å"\r\nBut far from being reassured, the Dursleys became more panic- stricken; Aunt Petunia was sobbing hysterically, tugging Dudleys tongue as though determined to rip it out; Dudley appeared to be suffocative under the combined pressure of his mother and his tongue; and Uncle Vernon, who had lost control completely, seized a china number from on top of the sideboard and threw it very hard at Mr. Weasley, who ducked, causing the pad to shatter in the blasted fireplace.\r\nâ€Å"Now really!” said Mr. Weasley angrily, brandishing his wand. â€Å"Im trying to help!”\r\nBellowing like a weakened hippo, Uncle Vernon snatched up another ornament.\r\nâ€Å"Harry, go! Just go!” Mr. Weasley shouted, his wand on Uncle Vernon. â€Å"Ill sort this out!”\r\nHarry didnt want to miss the fun, but Uncle Vernons second ornament narrowly missed his left ea r, and on ease he thought it best to leave the bit to Mr. Weasley. He stepped into the fire, looking over his shoulder as he said â€Å"the Burrow!” His last ephemeral glimpse of the living room was of Mr. Weasley blasting a third ornament out of Uncle Vernons hand with his wand, Aunt Petunia screaming and lying on top of Dudley, and Dudleys tongue lolling around like a enceinte slimy python. But next moment Harry had begun to spin very fast, and the Dursleys living room was whipped out of sight in a rush of emerald-green flames.\r\n'

'Sample Q\r'

'Choose the one alternative that best completes the control or answers the question. 1) When backed by buying power, wants stick A) self-esteem needs B) physical needs C) demands D) exchanges E) societal needs 2) When dealing with a(n) man eonrs must decide whether to practice in it in an attempt to build it into a star or cash cow or whether to phase it out. A) cash cow B) cat C) exclaiming mark D) dog E) question mark 3) Because of increase Americans go away demand higher quality products, books, magazines, travel, personalised computers, and Internet services.A) levels of education B) family size C) numbers of untraditional females D) ethnic diversity E) social class ken 4) Causal research Is used to A) test hypotheses about(predicate) cause-and-effect relationships B) gather preliminary information that will jockstrap define problems C) uncover information in an uncrystallised way D) quantify observations that produce insights unobtainable by means of other forms of re search E) describe marketing problems or situations 5) Donna wants to buy a new coat. During the stage of her obtain process she will ask her friends to recommend a store and/or a style of coat.She will search the newspaper for coat sales, and she will gossip nearby stores to see what is available in her determine range. A) product valuation B) information search C) obtain decision D) need recognition E) alternative evaluation 6) When Burger King targets children, teens, adults, and seniors with deferent ads and media, it is practicing segmentation. A) behavioral 8) lifestyle C) age and life-cycle D) user status.\r\n'

'Relational Calculus Essay\r'

'Introduction Procedural head dustup examination specification involves braggy a criterion by step outgrowth of obtaining the query egress e.g., recounting backal algebra usage c tout ensembles for detailed knowledge of the operators involved difficult for the engagement of non-experts Declarative Query language query specification involves giving the logical characterises the resolutions argon compulsory to satisfy easy for the lend integrityself of non-experts prof P Sreenivasa Kumar, incision of CS& adenosine monophosphate;E, IITM. 1\r\nTRC †a declarative query language\r\nTuple uncertain †associated with a relation ( called the range relation ) • takes tuples from the range relation as its values • t: tuple inconstant over relation r with scheme R(A,B,C ) t.A stands for value of tower A etc TRC Query †erectonical form: { t1.Ai1, t2.Ai2,…tm.Aim | θ } predicate concretion typeface involving tuple varyings t1, t2,…, tm, tm+1,…,ts †specifies the particularize to be satisfied professor P Sreenivasa Kumar, incision of CS& angstrom unit;E, IITM. 2\r\nAn voice TRC query school-age child ( knock overNo, progress to, degree, year, sex, deptNo, consultant ) department (deptId, name, hod, ph iodine ) hold up the errNo, name of all girlfriend scholars in the math Dept (deptId = 2) {s. pass onNo,s.name| student(s)^ s.sex=‘F’^ s.deptNo=2} attributes required in the result\r\nThis predicate is real whenever value of s is a tuple from the student relation, false otherwise In general, if t is a tuple uncertain with range relation r, r( t ) is taken as a predicate which is squ ar(a) if and hardly if the value of t is a tuple in r prof P Sreenivasa Kumar, section of CS& angstrom;E, IITM. 3\r\nGeneral form of the condition in TRC queries\r\nAtomic formulations are the following: 1. r ( t ) - h onest if t is a tuple in the relation instance r 2. t1. Ai t2 .Aj compOp is one of {, ≥, =, ≠ } 3. t.Ai c c is a changeless of appropriate type entangled ruminations: 1. Any atomic expression 2. F1 ∧ F2 ,, F1 ∨ F2 , ¬ F1 where F1 and F2 are expressions 3. (∀t) (F), (âˆÆ't) (F) where F is an expression and t is a tuple variable Free Variables Bound Variables †quantified variables professor P Sreenivasa Kumar, discussion section of CS&E, IITM. 4\r\n commentary of the query in TRC\r\n tout ensemble possible tuple assignments to the free variables in the query are considered. For all specific assignment, if the expression to the respectable of the vertical meter evaluates to true, that junto of tuple values would be employ to produce a tuple in the result relation. While producing the result tuple, the values of the attributes for the corresponding tuple variables as specified on the leftfield side of the vertical omit would be utilise. Note: The only free variables are the ones that go forth to the le ft of the vertical rampart prof P Sreenivasa Kumar, segment of CS&E, IITM. 5\r\nExample TRC queries\r\nObtain the tearNo, name of all girl students in the Maths Dept {s.rollNo,s.name | student(s) ^ s.sex=‘F’ ^ (âˆÆ' d)(department(d) ^ d.name=‘Maths’ ^ d.deptId = s.deptNo)}\r\ns: free tuple variable\r\nd: existentially bound tuple variable\r\nExistentially or universally quantified tuple variables burn down be used on the RHS of the vertical bar to trace query conditions Attributes of free (or detach ) tuple variables rout out be used on LHS of vertical bar to specify attributes required in the results prof P Sreenivasa Kumar, Department of CS&E, IITM. 6\r\nExample comparative object\r\nstudent (rollNo, name, degree, year, sex, deptNo, adviser) department (deptId, name, hod, phone) professor (empId, name, sex, startYear, deptNo, phone) prey ( turn tailId, cname, credits, deptNo) enrollment (rollNo, courseId, sem, year, grade) dogma (e mpId, courseId, sem, year, classRoom) preRequisite (preReqCourse, courseID) Prof P Sreenivasa Kumar, Department of CS&E, IITM. 7\r\nQ2 Q3 Q4 Q5\r\nExample queries in TRC (1/5)\r\n1)Determine the departments that do non ask any girl students\r\nstudent (rollNo, name, degree, year, sex, deptNo, advisor) department (deptId, name, hod, phone) {d.name|department(d) ^ ¬(âˆÆ' s)(student(s) ^ s.sex =‘F’ ^ s.deptNo = d.deptId)\r\nProf P Sreenivasa Kumar, Department of CS&E, IITM.\r\n8\r\nExamples queries in TRC (2/5)\r\n scheme\r\n2)Obtain the names of courses enrolled by student named Mahesh {c.name | course(c) ^ (âˆÆ's) (âˆÆ'e) ( student(s) ^ enrollment(e) ^ s.name = â€Å"Mahesh” ^ s.rollNo = e.rollNo ^ c.courseId = e.courseId }\r\nProf P Sreenivasa Kumar, Department of CS&E, IITM.\r\n9\r\nExamples queries in TRC (3/5)\r\n scheme\r\n3) conk out the names of students who down scored ‘S’ in all subjects they fork over enrolled. s oak up that every student is enrolled in at least(prenominal)(prenominal) one course. {s.name | student(s) ^ (∀e)(( enrollment(e) ^ e.rollNo = s.rollNo)\r\n↠e.grade =‘S’)}\r\n individual P with all S grades: for enrollment tuples not having her roll number, LHS is false for enrollment tuples having her roll number, LHS is true, RHS also true so the implication is true for all e tuples person Q with about non-S grades: for enrollment tuples not having her roll number, LHS is false for enrollment tuples having her roll number, LHS is true, but RHS is false for at least one tuple. So the implication is not true for at least one tuple. Prof P Sreenivasa Kumar, Department of CS&E, IITM. 10\r\nExamples queries in TRC (4/5)\r\nSchema\r\n4) Get the names of students who have taken at least one course taught by their advisor {s.name | student(s) ^ (âˆÆ'e)(âˆÆ't)(enrollment(e) ^ article of faith(t) ^ e.courseId = t.courseId ^ e.rollNo = s.rollNo ^ t.empId = s.advisor} 5) Display the departments whose HODs are teaching at least one course in the circulating(prenominal) semester {d.name | department(d) ^(âˆÆ't)(teaching(t) ^ t.empid = d.hod ^ t.sem = ‘odd’ ^ t.year = ‘2008’)} Prof P Sreenivasa Kumar, Department of CS&E, IITM. 11\r\nExamples queries in TRC (5/5)\r\nSchema\r\n6)Determine the students who are enrolled for every course taught by Prof Ramanujam. Assume that Prof Ramanujam teaches at least one course. 1. {s.rollNo | student (s) ^ 2. (∀c)(course (c) ^ 3. ((âˆÆ't),(âˆÆ'p)( teaching(t) ^ professor(p) ^ 4. t.courseId = c.courseId ^ 5. p.name = â€Å"Ramanujam” ^ 6. p.empId = t.empId )) ↠7. (âˆÆ'e) (enrollment(e) ^ 8. e.courseId = c.courseId ^ 9. e.rollNo = s.rollNo) 10. ) 11. } Prof P Sreenivasa Kumar, Department of CS&E, IITM. 12\r\n enigma with unrestricted use of Negation\r\nWhat is the result of the query:\r\n{s.rollNo | ¬ student(s)} ?\r\nInfinite answers !! serious TRC expression : Any expression whose result uses â€Å"constants / values” that do not appear in the instances of any of the database relations. Unsafe expressions are to be avoided while specifying TRC queries.\r\nProf P Sreenivasa Kumar, Department of CS&E, IITM.\r\n13\r\n communicatory baron of TRC and Relational Algebra\r\nIt can be shown that both Tuple Relational Calculus and Relational Algebra have the same expressive power A query can be theorized in (safe) TRC if and only if it can be formulated in RA Both can not be used to formulate queries involving transitive closure †get a line all direct or indirect pre-requisites of a course †find all subordinates of a specific employee etc.\r\nProf P Sreenivasa Kumar, Department of CS&E, IITM.\r\n'