Racism in medical treatment

The result I chose for the library appointee was racial discrimination in medical give-and-take. I felt that this topic comes up in the novel, The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks by Rebecca Slot twofold times and also relates to the theme voice which is what we have been focusing on in our First-Year Experience class. Even though the time of racism is over, there are still acts of discrimination in the field of medicine.Many actors and crimson more, patients, have been treated unfairly based on their race. Patients have been misdiagnosed or given a false diagnosis in order for the doctors to nurse money off of them because the doctor could care less about their health. disparity also causes the patients to act differently because of their race. This relates to the theme, voice because some nation who are discriminated against are unable to properly defend themselves leaving them without a voice Just like HenriettaLacks. This topic is interesting to me because before I read this book I didnt give any of this much thought. I didnt think that doctors, peck that are there to help us, would discriminate against people and treat them differently. It made me want to do more research and uplift how many people have gone through things like this. 1 . What evidence can we find that shows acts of racism In the book? 2. What distant evidence is there of racial discrimination In medical treatment 3.

Google Innovation and New Product Management Essay

In this report, castker anyow for be answering two dissimilar questions from the assignment. First, the researcher go forth demonstrate and suggest any(prenominal) feasible application considerations when ontogeny a refreshful carrefour ripening dodge for Google codsw whollyop. The information which holdd volition be elaborated and discuss with examples. conterminous question, researcher ordain illustrate how Google Glass get out manage groundwork within the organization to stay in the beginning stack of its antagonist in the perseverance? The information in question link up al nonpareilow be discussed and elaborated in paragraph form. For oddment, the researcher entrust be secure subsequently the two questions completely d iodine. Final conclusion ordain be conducted with flairs to improve and likings to put into Google crank.Question 1Discuss and suggest some feasible application considerations when ontogenesis a sensitive yield emergence dodge f or Google Glass.Market AnalysisThe naked as a jaybird growth ripening strategy is the strategies in spite of evidence of its success. In novel increase ripening, researcher found that numerous managers hesitate to put together a policy for vernal produce study said by (C.M.Crawford, 1972). The naked as a jaybird carrefour increment strategy is the early stage indispensability to be d unmatched on a phoner before they get in a cutting harvest-festival to the trade. In the early(a) hand, in that location ar basic steps film to admit in the naked output break inment steps thither argon conceit, ideation, design, tryout, and release. Due to the research, the benefit after implement those steps to a hot harvesting phylogeny buy the farm the lodge to the profits increasing.For Google glassful, first the concept need to be ready clearly and considerations need to be concern for the new re turn of events development. Next securities industry strate gy get out be grocery store digest because on that point argon several points need to be analyzing in the commercialize analysis much(prenominal) as target market place, market opportunity, and market segmentation. Target market is the chief(prenominal) group of exploiter that been targeted who will be using the harvest-tide which is the Google Glass. In this step, researcher need to understand how to target and what should him/her putting interior new harvest-feast development strategy. Market segmentation is to differentiate the different type of market and identify which market ishaving the most potential client for the new maturation fruit. The company thus will target on that market and work on the new exploitation increase. new(prenominal) than that, market segmentation in like manner under undertake researcher turn in the market trends, surface and growth.Researcher need to understand what the market ineluctably first in the new product development. For example, Google glass provides questionnaire and interview questions to the public before them implements functions in the Google glass development. This is to ensure the product will be accepted by public after it launch. The market segmentation method is a must(prenominal) for every product development because it clearly identifies the target users for the new exploitation product and the correct trade plan do- nonhing be tilt on that severaliseicular target users group. Market size and growth need to identify current sales that made and also the potential sales that will be made bed be estimated based on the analysis. in like manner, the keep ups that done on the customer will be using as one of the methods to identify the size of the market.This strategy is considered important because it may second to estimate the number of potential users that will use the product. On the new(prenominal) hands, it also means that the greater the size of market, there will be m ore than profit that equal to(p) to make by the Google Glass take by introducing the product to the public. Lastly, market trend strategy need to be implemented because it shows the response from the public in the new product development (Google glass). Targeted market will be done in this strategy and how it will be affected the market. For example, Google glass will provide new functions and it will beat its adversary similar product development.Customer Needs afterwards market analysis done, customer unavoidably will be follow up to developing product that based on customer demand. thither are six basic need of customers for a new product there are friendliness, understanding and empathy, middlingness, control, options and alternatives, lastly information. Said by Rosa. (2013). tout ensemble these steps can be identifying by using several methods such as investigation and survey. The survey that done can determine what really does the customers or potential customers i nvolve and what they actually wish to engage in future in terms of the technology or the functionality of the new developing product. This product development strategy is to ensure customer understand all the functionalities of the newproduct (Google glass) before they purchasing it. It is helps in keeping the customers quite of other competitors. As a nutshell, it also will gain the lucrative of the company because the customers are already well known from the product and it will help on set aheading the sales of the new product.On divergence Corporate meanIn ongoing corporate planning consideration, it will help to cut back up future direction for the product. The most important consideration for Google glass are the technology and insertion set up. In now a days technology, almost every individual own a smartphone or t adaptedt in their purportstyle. Google Company needs to implement some topic give away and interesting to attract more customers to purchase their new pr oduct. Technology and origination need to be in the ongoing corporate planning to ensure the product will success in the future market. Due to the survey online, there are umpteen company produce products that ease up legion(predicate) competitors such as smartphone and tablet. In the other hand, Google Company is the first company which produces Google glass which has the technology and innovation other does non dedicate it. It will helps on produce profits and leading with the new product development. Besides that, there will be customers aiming the new product developed by Google indeed others do not produce any similar product yet.Ongoing Technology ManagementThe other consideration will be the ongoing technology focusing. It will be competitors if the company keeps producing products like smartphone and tablet. Google company come with new idea which is introducing Google glass which other company cool off do not have any similar product development yet. It is a smart id ea and seminal idea which other companies do not have yet. So, it will be a hot product if it came with la turn out technology and innovation. They need to struggle with other competitors by introducing their new technology and functionalities to launch in the market. Google glass is the product that does not have any competitor yet and it will be the first product that will be introduce to the public with such technologies.Multi-Dimensional ConceptMulti-Dimensional concept product is the development of new product such as discolouration name, shade specifications, pricing, packaging, featuring, technology, and level of run. For Google Company, there will be technology and innovation focusing in a product development. Google is a well-known stigmatisation in the world that most of throng know, it using multi-dimensional product development concept before they introduce the product to the market. They are well-gained company and have good reputation in the information technology market that changes their products are trusted and safe to use. Google glass named by Google Company itself because it made up of fiber glass and it has multiple functions and specifications that proved itself is a unique with all its functions.Google glass describe as multi-dimensional concept product because of it special features and quality specifications. It have has a 640 x 360 display, 5 Mega Pixel camera and able to record video with 720p HD function. Besides that, it also built-in with a 16GB beat memory which enables the users to save data into it such as video and photo. Other than that, it also builds in WIFI and Bluetooth adapter so it able to go past with everyone turn there are web- goods available. In addition, pricing is also one of the concept of multi-dimensional product because the product must be in credible and affordable price so most of the users able to purchase it and boost the sales and profit of the company. The price will be around $ 1500 and dism antle lower a little bit so it will be more attractive for users to purchasing it. The features of Google glass are capturing video and photos and it can send it online.Other than that, GPS also build in so user can easily see the direction while travelling or driving. It also allows users to messaging and it have charger to recharge while there is low battery. It is a smart device that is user friendly. Conclusion, the technology that employ in Google Glass is the virtual reality. The users able to view the animation that been released by the glass and also the reality world through the glass. It brings many features that enable user to interact with the devices. Besides that, user can off the functionality of Google glass in case they dont need any services and they can use it as a normal glass. Google glass is a direct interact device, user just need to activate or select services that they involveed so it can perform the occupation directly and efficiency.ConclusionAs the res earcher of this report, I would like to implements some considerations so it can helps on increase the sales and profit for Google Company. In the other hand, Google Company need considerate more on new product development before it launch to the market so users can give good reflection and opinions on Googles product in future. To increasing the rate of successful of new product, it need implement more considerations to make it successful.Google Innovation And New Product ManagementGoogle products do not fair well on the market or do not grasp the market at all as they would have failed during the running game stages because they hardly follow the proper steps in new product development. wherefore the question Google needs to ask itself before embarking on a intent is whether or not a product is what the customer needs because what the engineers command to develop is not necessarily what race need. consequently unified and analytic approaches to innovation have been proven valuable in new product development. It is important to sidle up the need for customers input as they function as a fresh set of middles. Google should pass off to encourage a steady stream of new product possibilities from their engineers while social networks could be utilize to dialogue with customers and get new ideas. Google needs to have Innovation worry in which there is the discipline of managing processes in innovation which in turn can be used in the development of two product and organizational innovation. Innovation processes can both be pushed or pulled through development. Instead of just having some notional ideas and launching them, Google could also adopt some innovation styles as subroutine of their innovation management.Discuss and suggest some feasible application considerations when developinga new product development strategy for Google. In general, developing new products is usually expensive and risky. The majority of new product inventions are not successful. In Australia for instance, 95% of private inventions never reach the market (Walker, 2004). Google is evidently aware of this fact because most of its products do not fair well on the market or do not reach the market at all as they would have failed during the trial stages. It is costless to say that the high failure rate should not discourage companies from introducing new products because customers til nowtually lose interest in once popular products, specially if competitors introduce more attractive products. Google is evidently aware of this fact due(p) to the high rate of new products that they introduce onto the internet indeed providing a vast diversity of products with the consent that one of them will succeed.This, however, says a roundabout about Googles new product development strategy even though they have a lot of products. Looking at Google products and the way they do intimacys it is apparent(a) that Google hardly follows the proper steps in ne w product development this is why some of their products do not succeed. Companies often fourth dimensions introduce new services on the basis of employees subjective opinions on whether the product will be successful (Zeithaml et al, 2009), which is the case with Google as mentioned by Marissa Mayer.This is not good as it only incorporates the views and needs of what the employees think the customers trust and not exactly what the customer needs. (Image1 source http//answers.google.com/answers/answers-logo-sm.gif) For example Google had a product called Google Answers in which a person would ask a question for a specified amount of money and experts in the field would answer the question. This service was of course terminated in 2006, entirely was it necessary in the first place to have such a product? No it was not especially when one had to pay for it. There are so many other services online where you can get expert help for free.Therefore the question Google needs to ask itse lf before embarking on a project is whether or not a product is what the customer needs because what the employees want to develop is not necessarily what nation need. Structured and analytic approaches to innovation have been proven valuable in new product development (Zeithaml et al, 2009). According to Elliot andcolleagues, (2008), there are seven recognised anatomys of the new product development process, namely idea coevals, screening, concept testing, business analysis, product development, test marketing and commercialisation. These should be considered by Google for its product development strategy because this will ensure that their products do not end up being fruitless and void or being removed or thrown out. (Image 2 source http//lostgarden.com/uploaded_images/StageGate-GreenLight-Diagram-708507.jpg) Google likes to have a lot of products thrown into the market and hope for the best (Image 2).With this notion in mind Google can still do that because some of the phase s in product development can be conducted concurrently since products evolve very fast therefrom they can have many products that succeed as opposed to having one or two that make it (Image 3). (Image 3 source http//lostgarden.com/uploaded_images/StageGate-Gate-Diagram-717771.jpg) Idea generation refers to the process of seeking product ideas. The ideas may emanate from intimate or external sources. Internal sources include employees of the organisation while external sources are usually customers, competitors, advertising agencies, research organisations etc. The interview reveals that Google uses a lot of internal sources for their idea generation. These are important because they can identify organisational issues necessary for the development of the product. It is however, important to include customers in idea generation, particularly in situations in which the customer in person carries out part of the service process. (Zeithaml et al, 2009).This is something that Google ha s turned a blind eye on. They fail to realise that in as much as they want to have cutting edge products, customers are the driving force to devising the product cutting edge. Customers, hence, need to be part of the idea generation of a product not after the product has already been made public (as shown by the customer feedback governance on the products in question). Therefore Google should continue to encourage a steady stream of new product possibilities from their engineers (internal source) while social networks could be used to dialogue with customers and get new ideas that way they do not neglect the external sources. In as much as Googles product releases seems random, Haqlund et al (1995) would approve of the apparent confusion at Google as they believe that creativity involves improvisation, anarchy and internalcompetition, which results in both a planned process and a happening. Google does need a bit of organisation by implementing the new product development process so as to keep their product development and releases in check.Idea screening refers to the analysis of product ideas in which the nature and wants of buyers are assessed. No idea screening is done by Google they just do it, the engineers just give suggestions around a particular idea and they take the suggestion and incorporate it into the given idea and start working(a) on it without top management approval and without proper screening of the idea to see if it is indeed feasible and or appropriate and whether or not it will be accepted on the market after it has been lunched. This increases the probability of developing something that the customer does not need. They might want it and go for it as in short as it is launched but after a short period of time the user realises that they do not need the product and hence the life span of that product is shortened.(Image 4 source http//www.accelerantresearch.com/images/product-dev/product-dev1.jpg) Some of the products need to go thro ugh the screening process so as to know whether or not the product will be maintainable or upgradable. immediately if Google had to screen their ideas before hand (as shown in Image 4) then some of their products would have been successful or would not have been launched at all because there are some products that Google has that are just not necessary. like a shot judging from what the interviewee said about some engineers who get tired of working on the selfsame(prenominal) task, it is of paramount importance to once again highlight the need for customers input as they function as a fresh set of eyes. Customers will look at the same product in a different way and be able to suggest something new that can be done.Concept testing involves presenting the idea to a sample of potential customers which enables the company to test potential customers reactions before the product can be launched on a large scale. Where beta Testing and Market Testing is concerned Google does however, use this strategy on some of its products.(Imagesourcehttp//i.zdnet.com/blogs/rockmelt_browser_facebook_logo.pngand http//cogadget.com/cogadget/photos/logo/google_chrome_logo.jpg )For example in the case of RockMelt, it is a Google product that looks likeGoogle chrome but caters to facebook fans who are able to see what is going on with their friends in real time and all the time. Google has decided to test the product by sending it to a few people and allowing those people to invite their friends to use it by giving the user a original number of invites and with each person that installs it the invites issued are increased. This is a good strategy because not only does Google get feedback on how to improve RockMelt but they also know by the number of people that install it and invite others whether or not it will be a success if launched officially. If Google were to implement this strategy on a substantial amount of products then it would be easier to know which products to keep and launch on a larger scale as well as which products to scrap off. According to the interview with Marissa Mayer, they did the same thing with Gmail by sending invites to people to use Gmail and because of that Gmail is now widely used by many and hence became and still is a success.It now competes with other email services such as Hotmail and Yahoo RockMelt now has the peril to become better than Google Chrome as well as other internet browsers since it is still in its testing phase. At the test marketing stage, the product is released in limited quantities, to test customer reactions while trim back the risk of product failure. Product failure could lead to the companys loss of credibility which is not the case with Google since it is well known that people still try out Google products regardless of their failure. At the commercialisation phase modifications are made based on the test marketing findings. just scale marketing is then done. In the internet industry, gradual ma rketing may allow competitors to quickly enter the same target market with similar products. Google is apparently not too concerned about this prognosis hence Google Labs.Therefore in as much as Google has apply the strategy of just dumping their products with the hope of at least one success, they can have a more organised strategy whereby there is guarantee of at least majority success rather than minority success.Question IIIn this highly competitive online environment, illustrate how Google better manage innovation within the organization to stay ahead of its competitor in the internet industry? Google needs to have Innovation management in whichthere is the discipline of managing processes in innovation which in turn can be used in the development of both product and organizational innovation. Google will need to allow managers and engineers to cooperate together subtle the goals and the processes of the development of a new product. Google can make sure that the main focus of innovation management is to allow response to external as well as internal opportunities in which creative efforts to introduce new ideas are used (Kelly, and Kranzburg, 1978). (Image 6 source http//www.ucd.ie/nitm/images/graph1.gif )Google already understands that innovation management involves workers at every level in contributing creatively to a companys development and hence do not insure the creativity of engineers who have input on a new product. What Google needs to do now is to trigger and deploy the creative juices of the engineers towards the continuous development of the products. The process that they can adopt can be that of an evolutionary consolidation of strategy, technology and operations (Tidd et al, 2009) because successful innovation management is naturally multi-functional and matches a deep understanding of user needs and wants to a unique practiced ability hence the integration of customer ideas as well as engineers ideas (as seen in Image 6). Innovati on processes can each be pushed or pulled through development.A pushed process is based on existing or newly invented technology, that the organization has access to, and tries to find profitable applications to use this technology (Trott and Paul, 2005). It is evident that Google does adopt the push concept but not for all products. If Google is to be ahead in the internet industry they are to make sure that the products that have made it are endlessly developed one of the ways in which Google can do this is to go ahead with the idea of merging some products together to make one product. A pulled process tries to find areas where customers needs are not met, and then focus development efforts to find solutions to those needs (Trott and Paul, 2005).Instead of trying to compete with existing products in the industry by deploying a new product that is identical or has similar functions, Google must use their customer feedback system to get ideas on what the customers need so that th ey bridge the gap and hence their products become more successful. In order to achieve this Google also needs to have a team that has both engineers as well asmarketers who are in touch with the customer needs so that both the technically creative things can work hand in hand with the customer requirements hence producing a successful product which inturn places Google ahead of its competitors.In order to stay ahead of its competitors in the internet industry Google needs to make sure that the products that they are offering online are valuable and satiate the need of the customer. If the customer has a better alternative to that being offered by Google they will leave the Google product and go the product offered by the competitor and hence the failure of a Google product. With the encouragement of new products at Google, they should make sure that the new products are indeed new and relevant, such as Google Docs where people can create spreadsheets as well as develop surveys, etc . This is a need for anyone who goes online and it is very convenient and hence in that area Google will probably inhabit the lead.Therefore the product characteristics control the customer needs and are an advantage over competing products with technological edification (Zeithaml et al, 2009). Even though their engineers may feel tired of doing the same thing they should still maintain the existing products that have been successful so that they remain successful. This is because innovation is a continuous process. It does not end at the market acceptance but the product has to be continuously improved. Therefore Google should have strategy characteristics in which there are dedicated human resources to relief the initiative as well as dedicated research and development focused on the new product initiative (Zeithaml et al, 2009).Just as they continue to improve the search engine, they should also seek to improve Gmail so that it does not just compete with Hotmail and Yahoo but should actually be better than them.(Image 7 source http//emekaeme.files.wordpress.com/2007/08/innovartis001-001.png )The more Google has products that are relevant the more they become less of a follower in the industry hence becoming leaders (as illustrated in image7). Instead of just having some creative ideas and launching them, Google could also adopt some innovation styles as part of their innovation management. Google must have people who like to imagine what a product must entail and should idealise (Visioning). They should also have people who test out the

Exxon Mobil

Exxon Mobil S transportholders Theory What should be the aim adopted by the Government to discourage profiteering by considerable organizations? ExxonMobil is an American oil and gas corporation and a direct descendant of lavatory D. Rockerfellers Standard Oil Comp any. The mereger of Exxon and Mobil on Novermber 30, 1999 led to the formation of ExxonMobil which is the mankindly concerns largest ships beau monde by revenue. ExxonMobil operate facilities or market products in most of the worlds countries and explore for oil and natural gas on sextette continents. The caseExxonMobil has drawn animadversion from the environmental lobby for living organizations tiny of the Kyoto Protocol and skeptical of the scientific opinion that global calefacient is ca utilize by the burning of fossil fuels. According to The Guardian, ExxonMobil has funded, among former(a) themes skeptical of global warming, the combative Enterprise make for, George C. Marsh solely Institute, Heartlan d Institute, Congress on Racial Equality, TechCentralStation. com, and International insurance policy Net work at. ExxonMobils support for these organizations has drawn criticism from the Royal Society, the academy of sciences of the United Kingdom.The pith of Concerned Scientists released a motif in 2007 accusing ExxonMobil of spending $16 million, between 1998 and 2005, towards 43 advocacy organizations which dispute the impact of global warming. The report argued that ExxonMobil used disinformation tactics similar to those used by the tobacco assiduity in its denials of the link between lung cancer and smoking, saying that the order used many of the same organizations and personnel to cloud the scientific understanding of temper change and delay action on the issue. ExxonMobil has been reported as having plans to aim up to US$100m over a ten year stage in Stanford Universitys Global Climate and Energy Project. In August 2006, the groyne Street Journal revealed that a Yo uTube video lampooning Al Gore, titled Al Gores Penguin Army, appeared to be astroturfing by DCI Group, a Washington PR firm with ties to ExxonMobil. The late(a) scenario In January 2007, the company appeared to change its position, when vice president for public affairs Kenneth Cohen give tongue to we k straightway enough nowor, friendship knows enough nowthat the risk is serious and action should be taken. Cohen give tongue to that, as of 2006, ExxonMobil had ceased supporting of the Competitive Enterprise Institute and five or six similar groups. date the company did not publicly state which the other similar groups were, a May 2007 report by Greenpeace does list the five groups it stopped funding as headspring as a list of 41 other climate skeptic groups which are still receiving ExxonMobil funds. On February 13, 2007, ExxonMobil CEO Rex W.Tillerson acknowledge that the planet was warming while carbon dioxide levels were increasing, only if in the same speech gave an unq ualified defense of the oil industry and predicted that hydrocarbons would dominate the worlds transportation as energy demand grows by an pass judgment 40 percent by 2030. Tillerson stated that there is no monumental pick to oil in coming decades, and that ExxonMobil would continue to make oil colour and natural gas its primary products. A survey carried out by the UKs Royal Society found that in 2005 ExxonMobil distributed $2. m to 39 groups that the society said misrepresented the science of climate change by instantaneously denial of the evidence. On July 1, 2009, the Guardian newspaper revealed that ExxonMobil has continued to fund organizations including the National Center for Policy Analysis (NCPA) along with the Heritage Foundation, patronage a public pledge to cut support of lobby groups who recant climate change. ExxonMobils environmental record has been a target of critics from outside organizations much(prenominal) as Greenpeace as well as some institutional in vestors who disagree with its stance on global warming.The Political Economy Research Institute ranks ExxonMobil sixth among corporations emitting airborne pollutants in the United States. The ranking is based on the quantity (15. 5 million pounds in 2005) and toxicity of the emissions. In 2005, ExxonMobil had perpetrate less than 1% of their profits towards researching alternative energy, less than other star(p) oil companies. Stakeholder Stakeholders are entities who are directly or indirectly associated with any organisation. Any decision made by the organisation , hefty or bad is bound to be befool some effect on all of these.Stakeholders are either internal to the organisation or they may be external to the organisation. Internal stakeholders are employees, trade unions, customers , suppliers, competitors. External stakeholders are shareholders , regimen authorities, regulators, NGOs, pressure grps etc . ExxonMobil Statements Environment It is our long-standing policy to conduct business in a style that considers both the environmental and economic needs of the communities in which we operate. We taste to drive incidents with environmental impact to zero point, and to operate in a look that is not harmful to the environment.Health ExxonMobil supports programs targeted to worldwide wellness issues be suit of clothes we believe that good health is a springboard to opportunity, achievement and development. Health support falls into several categories, the fight against global health pandemics, support for medical centers/hospitals, health education and health-care delivery, health and the environment, and health-related research. Safety We arecommitted to conducting our business in a manner that protects the safety and health of our employees, contractors, customers, and the public.We strive for an incident-free workplace and have set a global safety and health goal of zero injuries and illnesses. We believe that our commitment to safe, secure, a nd incident-free operations will contribute to improved operations reliability, lower costs, and higher productivity. Our worldwide spending includes contributions to nonprofit organizations as well as funds invested in social projects through various joint-venture arrangements, production-sharing agreements, projects operated by others, and contractual social bonus arrangements.In 2007, Exxon Mobil Corporation, its divisions and affiliates, and the ExxonMobil Foundation provided a unite $173. 8 million in cash, goods, and services worldwide. (excerpts from the official website of the ExxonMobil Corporation www. exxonmobil. com ) therefrom we observe that what the company say and what they practice in real vitality are two different things altogether. But recently,it has been a indorser to environmental causes as the company donated $6. 6 million to environmental and social groups in 2007. Stakeholders of ExxonMobil picCustomers The environment at large suffered due to ExxonMobil s unethical methods. The company was openly disdainful of the theory that fossil fuels were a major contributor to global warming. The company states that, It is our long-standing policy to conduct business in a manner that considers both the environmental and economic needs of the communities in which we operate. We seek to drive incidents with environmental impact to zero, and to operate in a manner that is not harmful to the environment. But we can conclude that the company isnt practicing what it says.The company used same methods employed by tobacco companies and consequently like the former harmed the environment and the community at large in order to earn maximum profit. Shareholders The shareholders are the owners of the company and thus have to bare the brunt as well. The shareholders were pressurizing the company to invest more in alternative fuels but the company rejected the idea and hence the shareholders had to face the criticism that the company faced as well due to the companys use of unethical practices in order to maximize its profit.Special pursuit groups The groups which partenered with ExxonMobil (43 gropus) received a lot of criticism from various other groups for misrepresenting their work and aiding in the ruining of the environment by publishing articles that questioned global warming theories. For eg Sallie Baliunas, an astrophysicist based at Stanford University Hoover Institution (it received 300. 000 USD from the company since 1998) stated in her study that temperatures havent changed since significantly over the outgoing millennia and this article was rebutted by no less than 13 other scientists.They said such institutions or hatful mis-represent or cherry-pick the facts in an attempt to mislead the media an the people. Thus the integrity of such organizations is questioned in the future and the media and people travel wary of other studies by other organizations due to a handful of these institutions which aide in misleadi ng the society at large. Competitors The competitors of ExxonMobil such as Shell and BP followed the Koyoto protocol and dropped out of Global Climate Coalition, an industry group which questioned the Global warming theory.The company faced further criticism cause of its unethical practices and ignorance over such environmental issues and this aided the competitors which received overconfident reviews from the media in 1998. The role Government can play The small but effective amount of money invested by the company allowed to fuel query over global warming to delay Government action sightly as Big Tobacco did for over 40 years.Some of the people from the tobacco industries are said to have helped the oil giant in its unethical practices. The establishment should be more alert and form rules and regulations against such malpractices. Lawmakers who support reduction and limitation of green house gases emissions should be effrontery more authority and stern action should be taken against companies such as ExxonMobil for spreading false information and hence playing butchery with the environment.ExxonMobil has been criticized by major environmental advocacy groups. In 2003, Greenpeace listed Exxon as 1 Climate Criminal. Exxons alleged crimes include the sabotage of efforts to deal with climate change, the deceitful manipulation of peer reviewed scientific studies and organizations, misleading and outright lying to the creation of the USA, its government officials and the global community in general.The company donated a large sum of money towards environmental issues in 2007 but it will take more than that to uplift the image of the company in the eyes of the environmentalists and the population. The company is still ranks 1 in the world in net income which shows that the government keep a check on such companies or the bound of the malpractices might escalate in the future. bibliography wikipedia exxon mobil

Blood and Organism Physiology Paper

Organism Physiology Paper Greg Jenkins BIO/101 August 2, 2012 Jimmie cave Organism Physiology Paper Organisms Overview This research is about an organism diagram that the author has found for reasons while doing his investigation. The writer has selected to center his findings on gentlekind existence aimed for his research paper. The writer has elected a illustration that will detect simply how the organism in the figure has progressed physiologic all(prenominal)y to become qualified to its touch.Human Diagram The Human Figure The whole human form is an organism. on that point argon numerous structures in the human format. An organ is comprised into double or additional materials pack into one functioning component that completes a diminutive purpose. Each organ has a precise go a bureau in the human eubstance for improvement and a human being condition. The tissues in the corpse be signifi dejectiont because they labor together scientifically to vigorous grow and k eep the individual alive. Main organ methodsThe chief organ structure is mainly the cardiovascular organization, gastrointestinal arrangement, endcannabinoid system, endocrine gland system, integumentary system, immune system, lymphatic system, musculoskeletal system, nervous system, reproductive system, Respiratory system, urinary system, and the vestibular system. circulative system pushing and directing plasma and commencing the body and lungs with the central part of the human which is the heart, and blood vessels. Digestive System ingestion and dispensation nourishment with salivary glands, throat, abdominal, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, your guts, rectum, and anus. . Endocannabinoid system neuromodulator lipids and receptors intricate in a diversity of functional procedures containing your trust for food, feeling of pain-sensation, humor, motorized way of knowledge, synaptic flexibility, and remembrance. Endocrine system contains the way the body receives messages inside t he body by hormones made through with(predicate) the endocrine glands such as the hypothalamus, pituitary or pituitary gland, pineal body or pineal gland, thyroid, parathyroid, and adrenals or adrenal glands Integumentary system is consistence of the human outside, physical being Immune system battle off-key infection Lymphatic system relocation of lymph amongst materials and the plasma flow, Musculoskeletal system muscles are accountable for association and the bones offer structural proviso and security with skeletons, tendon, muscles, and ligaments. Nervous system gathering, transporting and dispensation data to the brain, vertebral, central nerves. Reproductive system the sexual role organs in the woman and man are very different, but plays a big part in human reproductions Respiratory system is the system of which a human needs to breath, the pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, and diaphragm. urinary system is the human way to exit out and balance the laxation of wai st. Vestibular system adds to our equilibrium and our sense of three-dimensional coordination. (How Many are There, 2011). The structure of the human system is a group of organs that help each other to sustain the human purposes. Materials cannot achieve these tasks solely the organs are what support the materials to achieve its purposes. The chief organs through the body are the heart and the blood container. Conferring to Simon (2010), an entity is contingent on the duplicate of all its organ organisms for existence.For example, nutrients that are captivated from the gastrointestinal region are dispersed all through the body by the cardiovascular system. precisely the heart that drives blood over the cardiovascular system needs nutrients intent from nourishment by the gastrointestinal area and also type O (O2) gained from midair by the respirational system. Evolved physiologically Every entity is an exposed system, which means around unceasing discussion of substances and vit ality with its environments. Organisms needs familiarize with its surroundings in demand to live.This is exactly how the body functions with an exposed system Eating, breathing, excrete, urinate, perspire and give off heat. Conferring to Simon (2010), Nutrients and oxygen must go in all existing cell, and carbon dioxide and all waste material got to be empty out. All existing organisms can adjust and react to its background. The most imperative body purpose is to stay fresh its honesty. Homeostasis, which accurately means sturdy state, is the inclination to uphold comparatively retentive situations in the center surroundings even after the outward environs changes (Simon, 2010).Variations do happen in the environment but are usually reasonable to the assortment that is acceptable for all living cells. References Picture- How many are there. (2011). Retrieved from http//howmanyarethere. net/how-many-organs-are-in-the-human-body/ How many are there. (2011). Retrieved from http//how manyarethere. net/how-many-organs-are-in-the-human-body/ Simon, E. j. (2010). Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (3rd ed. ). Pearson Education.

Technology and Organizational Structure

engineering science and organisational Structure Wanda Armour University of Phoenix Technology and organizational Structure This paper represents the research on how engineering interacts with organisational organize. 2 companies will be determine to comp atomic number 18 and contrast their organisational expressions. A matrix will be included to summarize the findings. access organisational expression in todays complex multi-dimensional compositions is the companionship that holds the infra organise together to achieve the schemes goals.It is the patterns or arrangement of groups of jobs deep down an organization. It is as well as a process that requires organisational re-structuring as the company grows. Historically sedulousness has shifted from the job-shop manufacturing to mass outpution, with innovative pi aneers such as Frederick Taylor, Henri Fayol, and Max Weber ((Dristelzweig & Droege, n. d. ). These early pioneers were very divers(prenominal) thinkers in terms of their principles to determine how to twist organizations for supreme productivity.However, they all had a common view that it was exchangeable a mould and that power was in the post, not in the individual holding the position clearly a vertical bureaucratic structural hierarchy ((Dristelzweig & Droege, n. d. ). This one best way mindset gradually disappe atomic number 18d as concerns that the tralatitious organisational structure may hinder, rather than help promote creativity and basis (Dristelzweig & Droege, n. d. ). Today, pressures in U. S. business structures to compete globally calls for a build of organization structures.There is no one befit all organizational structure that has proved effective in contributing to business success. Organizations operate in different environments with different opportunities, products, tasks, risks, strategies, constraints, strengths and weakness, and different organizational structures to meet those challenges (Reference f or Business, n. d. ). There are ii types of organizational structures found in business environments centralized and decentralized. Centralized organizational structures rely on one individual to make decisions and permit kick or the company decentralized organizations rely on a police squad environment at different takes of the business (Vitez, n. d. ). Organizational Structure Overview of Two Companys Two very successful companies have been identified with different organizational structures Toyota Motor Corporation and The Watsons yeasty Company. These dickens companies are on the opposite end of the spectrum in terms of organizational structure. Toyota, a Japanese, multinational corporation, has a centralized matrix organizational structure (the combination of two or more different structures- natural/mechanistic) with a bureaucratic infrastructure.The Watsons Creative Company, a New York based adverting business office, has a teensy-weensy-decentralized organic organiz ational structure (organizations that are flexible and effectively adapt to change) (Dorf & Byers, 2008). Toyota is considered by some as the worlds largest maker of automobiles, trucks, buses, and robots. Toyota has factories all approximately the world, that manufacture and assemble vehicles for local markets (Taneja, Pryer, & Sewell, 2012). Toyota has an interesting blend of mechanistic, organic and bureaucratism in a centralized organizational structure, which al scummys them to accommodate their versatile product line.This structure develops a runforce who believes in the companys products, image, and mess along with placing a high value on the wel off the beaten track(predicate)e of its employees (Taneja et al. , 2012). A recent SWOT analysis shows that intense competition could pose a threat resulting in lower price pressures. A recent vast product recall (10 million worldwide) which could hurt the companys provoker image and sales ((Toyota, 2012). Toyota is a company th at has a reputation for dependableness the challenge now is re mental synthesis the emotional ties of customers.A bureaucratic organizational structure could be the flaw as hindered information sharing, miscommunication along with delayed receipt time to quality and safety issues have been sighted as the ensconce cause of the recall (Taneja et al. , 2012). One of the dis utilitys to a matrix organizational structure is keeping communication channels clear so that potential conflicts do not arise and hinder organizational functioning (Reference for Business, n. d. ). As corporations pay back worldwide the process of restructuring is inevitable, as they must respond to challenges on a global level.The foundation of Toyota is respect of its people and continuous improvement through the Toyota Way which is summarized by five keywords Challenge, Kaizen, Genchi Genbutsu, Respect and Teamwork (The Toyota Way, n. d). The Watsons a Creative Company, is an ad agency. They have a decentra lized organic organizational structure that is simple and low in formalization. All parts of the organization indispensability each otherwise as an interdependence relationship improves functioning.As an organic organization they need to stay flexible in dealing with customers and in creating concepts for telly commercials and print advertisement (Field, n. d. ). I recently visited the Watsons ad agency and I found a confortable informal environment with a small staff and their dogs. It seemed quite remarkable that a company with such clients as Whole Foods, Metropolitan Home Magazine and many others could work as a community. However it is in line with their mission statement of building lasting relationships between great companies and the audiences they benefit (The Watsons, n. . ). Their heart competency is in their knowledge management and creativity. An organic organization such as The Watsons is a knowledge-based organization. Tacit knowledge is exchanged through interac tion with other knowledge proles. This interaction facilitates the development of a knowledge culture within the organization, supporting decision making of various knowledge workers through collaborationism (Hosnavi & Ramezan, 2011). How Structure Affects the use of Technology and Technology Decisions Technology plays a of import role in todays organizational structure.Toyota understood that the traditional understanding of centralization in organizational structure would fail to enchant its vision of technological development, and value in the employee in the face of brand-new challenges and demands. Toyota adopted a matrix organizational structure to facilitate technology decisions ((Hosnavi & Ramezan, 2011). The Watsons on the other hand believe that technology decisions are based the decentralization of power and control and a higher level of informality and a organic organizational structure was the best fit for their company.Toyotas top-flight technology was not enough in softly of the recent recalls. As a result they had to reduce their organizational structure, which is no easy task. My observation is that Toyota could have closed a blind nerve but instead decided to restructure and fix the problem without deviating from their core competency and mission. The Watsons interaction with technology is equally exciting as visual displays of artistic genius are constraind and displayed through a variety of avenues. Technology gives expression to the endless possibilities of the mind and allows them to make decisions based on whatever idea they can dream of.Working on something they believe in helps them to focus on the effectiveness of their products and services. TECHNOLOGY AND ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE interrogation Toyota Motor Corporation The Watsons a Creative Company Organizational Structure Centralized Matrix Organizational Structure Decentralized positive Organizational Structure Environment Stable, highly efficient and orderly. Constant c hange, simple, low formalization. Control Hierarchic Network community. Internal Communication Vertical, between superior and subordinates. Lateral between people. Core Competency Lean Manufacturing Tools, Supply range of a function focussing, Product Development Technology, Branding Creative Advertising /Knowledge worker Core Technology Conventional and Hybrid Vehicles, Hybrid Systems, Safety and environmental Technologies. Web based advertising systems, HTML, XML, SVG and Flash, Communications protocols, Video and audio technology. enable Technologies Toyota Technology Institute, Toyota InfoTechnology Center, Home Living Assistant Robotics, Personal Mobility. R&D product portfolio. iAd mobile app, Ad tracking, Banner Ads, Rich Media Ads, Tradeshows, Commercial Emails, observation Ads, Social Media Organizational Members Task Oriented People Oriented Control-Stability and predictability. full(prenominal) Low Flexibility-Quick solvent to changing conditions High High Know ledge Management Reinforcement of hierarchy Anywhere in the company Technology interaction with Organizational Structure Based on these comparisons I believe that the interaction of technology must be accompanied with the right fit of the organizations structure to achieve sustainability.Toyota works on a technological scale far beyond that of the Watsons. It uses manufacturing technology that is the cutting edge of science (Taneja et al. , 2012). It is doing an amazing work with its robotic technology that will help the handicapped, as well as the individual. Taneia et al. , (2012 believes that Toyotas research and development accomplishments are making groundbreaking strides in the firmament of defense against energy starvation. The Watsons Creative Company is using the net income to extend their market reach far beyond what was once belief possible through conventional channels.According to Behboudi, Hanzaee, Koshksaray, Khirkhani Tabar, & Taheri (2012), Creative advertising can provide a competitive edge for a brand, extend to its value, and give it an advantage over its rivals in terms of more positive market response(p. 140). The Watsons advertising agency has achieved sustainability with their creative and innovative ads through the technology of the Internet. In comparison mechanistic and organic organizational structures are like two medicationians, one who plays by ear and the other who has to read music both however deliver a beautiful arrangement of music.Toyota is interminably focused on increasing its technological capabilities, while The Watsons are continuously looking for more ways to use technology to create ads that are an experience for the consumer. Both are making contributions that will add value to organizational learning, and technological capabilities. References Behboudi, M. , Hanzaee, K. , Koshksaray, A. , Khirkhani Tabar, M. , & Taheri, Z. (2012). A Review of the Activities of Advertsing Agencies in Online orb . Internation al Journal of Marketing Studies, 4(1), 138-149. Retrieved from Ebscohost Dorf, R.C. , & Byers, T. H. (2008). Technology Ventures (2nd ed. ). New York, NY McGraw-Hill. Dristelzweig, H. , & Droege, S. B. (n. d. ). Organizational Structure. Retrieved from http//law-journals-books. vlex. com/vid/organizational-structure-51758780 Field, R. (n. d. ). Organizational Effectiveness, Structure and Technology. Retrieved from http//apps. business. ualberta. ca/rfield/Organizational%20Effectiveness,%20Structure,%20and%20Technology. h Hosnavi, R. , & Ramezan, M. (2011). Intellectual Capital and Organizational Organic Structure How are these

How Barbaric were the Barbarians Really? Essay

The books have claimed the Mongols to be waste, provided how barbaric were they? The barbarians have earned the title barbaric. The barbarians were raft who didnt get going to a certain culture or convention of people, and pretty often did what they pleased. The Mongols were barbaric with their laws, punishments, and the measuring stick of battles and conclusions caused in their presence. The barbarians were barbaric in many several(predicate) ways. The Mongol Empire was bigger than the continental U.S., being 4,860,000 square miles of conquered disgrace (Doc 1). The Mongol Empire was more that three times bigger that the arrive of land Adolf Hitler conquered during his time (Doc 1). With the empire being this big, in that respect would need to be laws. in that location were laws on hospitality, adultery, drinking, and marriage. With these laws came punishments. For example, if you committed adultery, you would be executed, even if there were no earlier convictions (Do c 10). There were likewise laws made by Genghis caravanserai that were implemented during battle situations. If you were a soldier and you got scared and ran away from battle, if you were found, the rest of your group of 10, including you, would be executed. If your whole group of 10 flees, the group of a cardinal you were in would all be executed along with you.You were expected to remain with your group throughout battle, or your consequence would be conclusion (Doc 2). In battle, if you were a prisoner or war, that was not desired to be a slave, or were an artisan, the law was to put you to death with the axe (Doc 3). The piece of deaths caused by the barbarians, is not countable. Many people were killed and or captured by the Mongols. Along with the people, their towns were also demolished. Through the years 1220-1258, there were 5,107,000 plus deaths alone (Doc 4). In 1221 in Nishapur, Persia, there were 1,747,000 deaths according to a Persian chronicler (Doc 4). The Mong ols tore the city unconnected and in the process, severed the heads of the slain from their bodies and heaped them up in piles (Doc 4). There werent many options for punishments, not that the people got to choose their punishment, and people who were penalize were probably a big part of the number of deaths caused the barbarians. Punishment and death was very common in the Mongol Empire. The Mongol leaders force have this punishment to make clear that they are in bourgeon and to intimidate others. There was always a punishment for rule breaking. near often, the punishment was death.There were different ways ofkilling people, or to sizeable nicer, putting them into a deep sleep in the Mongol Empire. In the Empire there were different forms of being killed, or put to death. You could safe be executed, you could have you head chopped off, you could be shot denary times with arrows, you could even be buried alive upside shoot (Doc 5,4,3,2). Killing was very common with these pe oples. The Mongols overall were very violent. They could be unionized at times, but they were more barbaric by following the rules that were organize by the emperor. The Mongols conquered many lands, but killed and lost others they knew in the process. The laws were partially barbaric because of the different parts involved in them. If you committed a crime, there wasnt anyone to help you get out of your punishment. The most barbaric social function is that mostly everything resulted in death. If you committed a horrible crime, such as adultery, the way you are killed might be worse, but if you got drunk more that three times a month, you could possibly be put to death (Doc 10).The barbarians were a barbaric people. As you can tell, they did what the pleased. The laws made by Genghis Khan that were used for battle situations were barbaric because if one person or a small group of soldiers left because they were scared, everyone else and them included, were killed (Doc 2). There wa s pretty much nevertheless one punishment in the whole Mongol Empire, and that was death. This punishment is barbaric for the people who didnt commit huge and serious crimes. Death was a big part in the success of the Mongol Empire. If they, the barbarians, hadnt killed the people from the cities they captured, there could have been revolts against the Mongols. The Mongols were barbaric because of many things, but mostly for the amount of death they caused. The Mongol Empire set the example for the other empires to follow. again I ask, how barbaric were the barbarians really? The Mongols were barbaric enough for them to be called barbarians and with the number of deaths caused by them, it would be safe to say that the barbarians were pretty barbaric.

Bretton Woods Institutions

The merciful contend two had far reaching consequences on the social, scotch, technological and governmental aspects of the main combatants. The worst hit nations let ind the europiuman nations and Japan. Technological and sparingal transcriptions of these nations either collapsed or were left in genuinely sad grounds. at that tail was an inordinate loss of life on a very oversized scale, additionally, the wanton destruction of property including industries, public and private property was previously unimaginable.As the state of war sub lieud, different parties were thinking of establishing a governing body that would incite the reconstructive memory of the affected economies in Europe and Japan. Indeed, even as the war continued, delegates representing round(prenominal) countries converged in Bretton woods brisk Hampshire (USA) in 1944 and established the Bretton woodwind Agreement. These parallelisms were channeliseed at help oneselfing in the reconstru ctive memory of the major stinting systems ravaged by the war. The delegates gestural the Bretton woods compacts in July 1945 and established the IMF, the realism confide and the general agreement on tariffs and calling (GATT).This report card examines the eccentric of Bretton woods fundaments in the reconstruction of the European and Asian economies following the end of realism war two. The paper curiously focuses on the objectives, the theatrical consumption, the achievement and the shortcomings of the humanity verify in the shoes conception war two period between 1945 and 1955. Aims and objectives of the World slang The World Bank was blueprintalized on December 27th 1945 when 28 of the piece states ratified the Bretton woods agreement Milward, A. S. (1984).The main arm of the World Bank that was most active in the post homo war two was the international Bank for reconstruction and victimisation (IBRD). The core aims of the cornerstone ar arrange out on it s inceptions were To finance reconstruction projects in the countries ravaged by war. This was d angiotensin-converting enzyme through the provision of loans to these economies at very low rates of interest Nicholas, C. and Toniolo, G. (1996). The loans were meant to facilitate reconstruction through investment cash activities that had high potential drop of generating income.Some of the areas to which loan princely was channeled were the agriculture research and culture, areas of human increase such as education, health and recreation (Sports). Infrastructural discipline was in addition targeted to benefit from the loans since the war had brought most systems to their knees. Roads, railways, publicizeports, Seaports, Communication networks as swell as Electrification networks were rebuilt through World Bank loans. In 1947 the World Bank elongated $ 250,000,000 loan to France for reconstruction and this remains the biggest amount of loan extended to a single state World Bank Webite-www.imf. org/archives. To finance the rebuilding of industries in suppose to promote technological development among the European states and Japan. The post valet de chambre war two period in addition beard numerous activities for industrial harvest-festival and development of innovation culture that had been fueled by the war. Areas such as Air industry, weaponry industry, Communication industry as well as the take industries among new(prenominal)s provided opportunities for investment and development Axel, D. (2004). To seek ways of raising funds for development by issuing securities in the international pecuniary markets. To promote private, local anesthetic and foreign investment that was deemed worthwhile. This was done in collaboration with the particular states government as the guarantor of the loan. To give financial consultative run to element countries. The World Bank endeavored to give these financial services through provision of information an d such in the areas of business development and finance Hanson, J. L. (1972). To give grants as well as reviewing loan emplacement of the member states. To give loans to fund specific projects.These were projects that were considered vital to the economies of member countries. To provide monitoring and evaluation services. The World bank indirectly sought to keep an eye on an eye on the progress made on the projects that it had founded to ensure that funds were non misappropriated or channeled to other sassy projects not ear label for funding Hanson, J. L. (1972). The World Bank also took pains to evaluate the make (economical and environmental) of the projects undertaken to ensure that they did not pose a threat to the people in the long run.Importance of the World Bank and the International Bank for Reconstruction and maturation (IBRD). When the World Bank became operational in 1946, it had about $10 one thousand million at its disposal for the purpose of giving cultur eal loans to war-torn European nations Ellis, J. (1999). The World Bank played an important role in the dispensation of peachy that facilitated a fast rate of economic recuperation. The World Bank was supercharged with the responsibility of identifying projects that were vital to the particular economy and also to provide the undeniable bridge over financial or otherwise for their completion.The formation of the World Bank provided member countries with a channel to pool together resources that enabled them to make nimble progress Winter, J. M. 1980. Working closely with the IMF, the World Bank assisted member countries with balance of payment problems and this helped in preventing an economic fiasco similar to the one of the great depression of 1930sHarold C. L. (2004. In addition the World Bank was to extend as an independent unveiling that was managing its own finances as well as its own investment programs.This ensured that it had money to lend to its members and not ga in to turn to the subscribers for more money every forthwith and then for money to give as loans. By giving money in form of grants, which was not expected back, the World Bank boosted the economies of the needy states hastening the rate of recovery. At the very(prenominal) time the World Bank embarked on research projects that positioned it strategically in the provision of quality information and advice to guide decision-making. The International pecuniary Fund. The International Monetary Fund was established together with the World Bank.Among the state objectives of the IMF are to foster global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate the expansion of international plow, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, help in the achievement of a putting green stable and pliant exchange rate and stamp down poverty Lipsey, Richard, G. (1989). The IMF was established to help in dealing with the anticipated post World fight 2 growth as well as e nhancing the equivalent. It came in handy in assisting to reduce imbalances in balance of payment. It also helped in the regulation of the asset militia of member countries.In recent geezerhood the IMF has continued to play an important role especially in lot developing nations to reduce poverty among the population. The frequent Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). The Bretton woods strategists also created this. It was formed with the aim of eliminating the existing trade barriers that existed between member countries in order to surface way for a speedy economic integration Pollard, R. A. 1985. This was a baronial idea just now GATT never became an institution but remained a set of agreement the US never ratified.Over the years since the end of World War 2, there have been many GATT talks and resultant agreements called rounds. The most storied is the Uruguay round of 1986 known for its ambitions. It endeavored to increase the GATT reach to new levels. In 1995 the Worl d Trade Organization (WTO) replaced GATT. The WTO is a to the full-fledged institution that performs the very purposes for which GATT or International Trade Organization (ITO) was originally designed to perform. European nations post war economic integrationThe Bretton woods agreements were designed to enhance the participation of the member countries in international trade through the removal of existing trade barriers Grogin, R C. (2001). The escalation of technological advancement opened new opportunities in industrial developments and the loans offered allowed the member nations to take advantage of the arising opportunities. The allied nations were consequently able to strengthen their incarnate economic dominance Parillo, M. (2003). This was a goal that had been envisioned by the US even before the end of the war Goldsmith, R.W. (1946). Critics of the US have walld that these self-serving motives were the driving baron behind the US commitment in helping the European nati ons. Nevertheless the effects were increased economic integration of the westbound European economies. The Marshal plan This plan was by a large extent the brainchild of the US state department secretary George marshal Charles L. M. (1984). It was devised as a ploy to strengthen the allied nations and by auxiliary strengthen the US standing in relation to the communist force Hogan, M. J. (1987).Marshall plan became operational in1947 and was very succeederful in the four years it was in operation. Through this program $13 billion was dispensed to assist in the economic recovery of several European nations. The U. K, France, Netherlands, Italy and Germany received nigh of the largest amounts. These economies responded positively such that in less than seven years aft(prenominal) the war, the economies were booming Hardley, A. (1972). The Marshall plan contributed in economic integration because it eliminated some previously existing trade barriers Harrison, M. (1988). Role of j oint institutions in set up war Europe.Keen to prevent any further/future conflict of the World War 2 magnitude, the US oversaw the formation of the unify Nations (UN) IN 1945. The other institution formed was the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). The fall in Nations was very active in post war period and among the prototypical major contribution was the establishment of the Nation of Israel following the Jewish final solution Wallich, atomic number 1 Christopher (1955) Additionally the United Nations was also active in providing humanistic aid to refugees and all those affected by the war. Many historians associate the role of the United Nation with the speedy economic recovery.Critique Some scholars have criticized the world for being a western tool. By this they imply that World Bank employs economic policies that work in favour of the western countries. The Bank advocates for a free market economy this would mean that economies are fully liberalized. This has the potential of devastating weak economies and give advantage to the strong ones. Other weaknesses include lack of inflexibility in giving loans, delay in interjection usually with negative ramifications and Interference with the sovereignty of some member countries especially the poor nations.Conclusion The Bretton woods institutions played an important role in the reconstruction of the European nations afterwards the world war two. The rate of the economic recovery that was experienced by these nations, would have been impossible to achieve without the intervention of organize an institution to provide support as well as checks and balances that were requisite in the achievement of this growth. Additionally the formation of the Bretton woods institutions allowed these nations to participate fully in the utilization of the opportunities that the existed in the post war period.This resulted in the economic boom, especially in the Western Europe between 1950 and 1970 that saw these nations recapturing mixed-up glory and joining the mainstream economies as important players. However critics like professor Noam Chomsky of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, argue that the World Bank is fulfilling its aims of alleviating poverty and promoting development- but are helping rich nations and individuals get richer, and making it impossible for poor nations ever to pay off their debts. Others have held to the argument that the commitment displayed by the U. S.A was just a facade that was meant to mask the real intentions of domineering US ambitions. This might have been true but it does not negate the benefits that were achieved. The multilateral institutions that were mostly founded in the 1940s played a significant role in brokering peace as well as ensuring that systems were in place that would allow for peaceful co-existence between nations . The world Bank continues to play a key role especially in assisting developing nations in areas of governing as w ell as in offering financial support required to enable them to achieve sustainable development.It is therefore important that the institution continue to adapt to the times in order to remain applicable to the changing needs of these nations. The Weaknesses must be turned to strength if the institution is to maintain the reputation it currently enjoys. References Axel, D. (2004), The Influence of IMF Programs on the Re-election of Debtor Governments, economic science & Politics 16, 1 53-75 Charles L. M. (1984). The Marshall Plan The Launching of the Pax Americana. New York Simon and Schuster. Pp 3,5,7-8. Ellis, J.(1999). Brute Force Allied Strategy and Tactics in the randomness World War Goldsmith, R. W. (1946), The Power of Victory Munitions Output in World War II Military Affairs, Vol. 10, No. 1. pp. 69-80 Grogin, R C. (2001) Natural Enemies The United States and the Soviet Union in the Cold War, 1917-1991. Lanham, Md. Lexington Books. Hanson, J. L. (1972). A Textbook of spa rings. Macdonald and Evans Ltd, London. sixth Ed pg 501 Harold C. L. (2004). Military Medicine in Walter Yust edition. 10 Eventful long time Harrison, M.(1988) Resource Mobilization for World War II The U. S. A. , UK, U. S. S. R. , and Germany, 1938-1945 in The Economic History Review, Vol. 41, No. 2, pp. 171-192 Hogan, M. J. (1987). The Marshall Plan America, Britain, and the Reconstruction of Western Europe, 1947-1952. Cambridge Cambridge University Press. thaumaturgy Maynard Keynes in his speech at the closing plenary session of the Bretton woodwind instrument Conference in Donald Moggeridge (ed. ), The Mason, Edward S. Asher, Robert E. (1973). The World Bank Since Bretton woodwind.Washington, D. C. The Brookings Institution, 105-107, 124-135. Lipsey, Richard, G. (1989). An Introduction to Positive Economics. slope Language Book Society, 7th ed. Pp 7255. Milward, A. S. (1984). The Reconstruction of Western Europe, 1945-51. London Methuen. Marshall, G. (1947) Against Hunger, Poverty, despair and Chaos at a Harvard. (Can be read from http//www. foreignaffairs. org/19970501faessay76399- p0/george-c-marshall-The speech. ) Nicholas, C. and Toniolo, G. (1996). Economic harvest-time in Europe Since 1945.Cambridge Cambridge University Press. Pp 3-5 Parillo, M. (2003), The Pacific War in Richard Jensen et al, eds. Trans-Pacific Relations America,Europe, and Asia in the Twentieth Century pp. 78-117. Pollard, R. A. (1985). Economic Security and the Origins of the Cold war, 1945-1950 (New York Columbia University Press, pp. 8. Wallich, Henry Christopher (1955). Mainsprings of the German Revival. New Haven Yale University Press,. Pp 123-267 Winter, J. M. Demography of the War, in darling and Foot, ed. , OxfBretton Woods InstitutionsThe Second World War featured a legions of nations battling all around the world for supremacy it was believed that the victor would have the favor to shape the future of the world and so it seems. The Allies finally emerged victor s in 1945 among them were the powers of immediately, U. S. A. , China, France, U. K, and Russia. Behind them was a host of other States that had show support during the tough times. In 1945 the Allies had met in Bretton Woods U. S.A and came up with strategies that would ensure that he mistakes that had been made over the years would be avoided it was in this conference that the Bretton Woods Institutions were formed. Among them were the International Bank for reconstruction and Development (IBRD) today known as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. The two were formed after a number of states ratified and agreed to the rules as stipulated in the agreement at Bretton Woods (Veseth 2002).The main role of these institutions was to ensure that the mistakes of the past were not recurrent they were to ensure that the trade among nations would flow freely, to stabilize the worlds financial system, and to encourage international investments (Lechner 2009). In other words t hese institutions were to assist in the reconstruction and development of Europe after the war many of its signatory members were European States. It was therefore a Western Idea for the Development of capitalist oriented economies.This paper will look at the success of these institutions decades later. Today the two institutions are still there working towards the development of economies. After their formation the two institutions successfully managed to rejuvenate the European Economy. Europe then went a head and through a series of agreements, kickoff with the integration inside the coal and steel industries, formed the European relegating and later on the European Union was formed. It seeks to establish a common Europe with a common currency, constitution, economy to mention a a couple of(prenominal) (Veseth 2002).It is therefore correct to say that the Bretton Woods system was successful within Europe as it succeeded jump starting the economies and later on the same economi es merged to form a single unit looking at the objectives, there will always be free flowing trade within EU, by using a single currency to trade within Europe means that the exchange rate is stable thus enabling the Euro to function any where in Europe and finally as it is evident for quit some time the economies of Europe along side those of the world have been stable.To add to this there has been significant growth for rather an some time. It is therefore true to say that the strategy worked (Mansbach & Rhodes 2009 and Spielvogel 2008). The system was also tried within the African economic landscape with different results the reverse happened as economies that were once growing with high rates slumped down. It was indeed a western idea for a western economy. Some may argue that the strategy worked in Europe because it was created for that purpose.regrettably after the Second World War, the world was once again divided, this time along ideological lines Capitalism versus Social ism. On e advocated for a market oriented economy while the other called for a strong state control to prevent the exigencies of the very same market. Europe was also divided along the same lines. Eventually Capitalists emerged triumphal in 1989. This cemented the role of the buck within the global Economy. The U. S. A henpecked the Global economic scene just as they intended curtly after the formation of the Institutions.This has worked for years the dollar has managed to give confidence and take a crap respect of economies in the world for quite some time. The dollar for quite some time was the only universally accepted exchange rate, it was the standard. Unfortunately this was also the mistake the system had (Spielvogel 2008). Over dependence on the dollar was not the key idea behind the founders of the system. I believe it was enforce to ensure the dominance of the U. S. A in the global system they are the most powerful and everybody wanted to be allied to the West.This over doctrine has over the years made the system shaky the objectives were to ensure the stability of the global financial system. Unfortunately this was to be proven other wise with the occurrence of a second major global financial crisis characterized by a weakened dollar and therefore instability within the financial system, a reminder of what happened when the system was over reliant on gold back in the 1920s and 1930s. This is therefore a proof that the Bretton Woods institutions are long over due for an update (Lechner 2009 and Veseth 2002).In conclusion, the Bretton Woods system was a great idea for the unification of the Global financial system it has successfully seen the world united through globalization. The whole system is now interconnected and economies are dependent. It has also seen the development of Europe successfully to what is seen today the European Union. Unfortunately it has failed to ensure that the mistakes of the past are not repeated the recent financial cr isis was a repeat of the Great depression that lasted for closely a decade between 1929 to late 1930s.Therefore the strategy was a effective idea but it needed the input of all economies and therefore mutualness among states and economies. Reference Lechner Frank J. (2009). Globalization The Making of a World Society. Chichester U. K Malden MA Willey-Blackwell. Mansbach R, W & Rhodes E, J. (2009). Global Politics in a ever-changing World A Reader. 4th Edition. Boston Houghton Mifflin. Spielvogel Jackson J. (2008). Western shade Alternate Volume Since 1300. Wadsworth Pub Co. Veseth Michael (Ed). (2002). The Rise of Global Economy. London Fitzroy DearBorn Publishers.

“Sometimes You Have to Pick the Gun Up to Put the Gun Down” Essey

Sometimes you have to pick the gun up to put the gun down. This citation was express by Malcolm X, who was an African the Statesn Minister and a human rights activist. It means that sometimes you have to support in order to achieve peace. I agree with what he said because in order to get what you want you have to fight for it.Two literary works that reflect this quote are Fences, a diarrhea to the highest degree the struggles of African American before and during the Civil Rights Era in the fifties and 60s, by August Wil news and The lily-livered Wall story a short myth that shows the difference amidst women and men during that time, by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. Fences shows the revolution the characters face, their actions and what is the result of those choices. Whereas, The yellowish Wallpaper is about how the wife struggles to speak against her husband.She shows revolution when her husband tells her non to write but she secretly writes in her journal. Both literary pie ces, Fences, by Wilson and The Yellow Wallpaper by Perkins Gilman, shows how the omit of communication, the lack of acknowledgment and the lease for changes shows how the characters fight for what they want.The forge Fences is set in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in the 1950 and 60s by August Wilson. August Wilson was named Frederick August Kittel when he was natural to a German father and an African American mother in 1945. When Wilson was sixteen, he was criminate of plagiarism at school when he wrote a sophisticated paper that the administration didnt believe he could write.The principal suspended him and ulterior ignored his attempts to come back to school. Wilson soon dropped out of school and ameliorate himself at the local library. Wilson got involved himself in the black power social movement while he worked on his poetry and short stories.The characters Wilson includes in his play Fences are Troy,the main character, where he struggles to carry his family Rose,Troys wife who is a typical 1950s house wife Cory, who is the son of Troy and Rose, wants to be like Troy in the beginning, but fights with Troy for he tries to involve his inspiration of a football career from him.The short story The Yellow Wallpaper is set in the 19th century in America by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. Charlotte Perkins Gilman was born on July 4, 1860, in Hartford, Connecticut. At the age of fiver Gilman taught herself how to read, because her mother was sick. In 1884 she married an artist Charles Walter Stetson.Their only child Katherine Beecher Stetson, was born thefollowing year. Gilman suffered a postpartum depression in the months after Katharines birth. after(prenominal) her mother died she decided to move back east, where she met her cousin Houghton Gilman, who she had not seen in fifteen years. She married Houghton and moved to Norwich, Connecticut. After Houghton died,with cerebral hemorrhage in 1934, she moved back to Pasadena, California. In January 1932, Gilman was diagnosed with incurable breast cancer. Gilman committed felo-de-se on August 17, 1935 by taking an overdose of chloroform.In the play Fences, the lack of communication between Troy and Cory shows revolution. Cory is scared of Troy so he could not talk to him. Troy is always bossing around Cory, so Cory feels outmatch towards his dad. All you ever did was try and make me scared of you . I employ to tremble every time you called my name. Every time I perceive your footsteps in the house.Wondering all the time. whats Papa gonna say if i do this?. Whats he gonna say if I do that? Whats Papa gonna say if I turn on the radio? (Wilson 86-87). This quote states that Cory was scared of Troy and could not speak to him, and thought about how his actions masterpel the way his father acts and speaks towards him.The literary techniques Wilson shows is repetition. Repetition is a way that the writer conveys how important Corys feelings are and how concerned someone is. The repetition o f the spoken communication Whats pappa gonna say shows how Cory is too concerned about the race between his dad and himself. The lack of communication between father and son cause Cory to revolt towards his dad.The lack of acknowledgment in the play Fences between Troy and Cory cause their relationship to decline even further. One of the superlative sources of disappointment in Troys life is the fact that he wasnt allowed to play pro baseball, Even though he used to hit homeruns in the total darkness Leagues, he couldnt go to the majors because of racial discrimination. He doesnt let Cory play football, because he doesnt want Cory to feel what he felt up during his time.Troys lack of acknowledgment of Corys potential destroys Corys dream by not signing the papers and not letting the college recruiter from coming. I got sense passable not to let my boy get hurt playing no sports(Wilson 39) He unconsciously stats that he doesnt want Cory to feelhow he felt during his time. This quote references flashback because in this quote Troy refers back to what had happened to him during his athletic career, and how it abnormal his life.In this quote he speaks like a father who is making decisions for his son and his future, even though the people around him is telling him that the time has changed and it is not like before. Troys lack of acknowledgment causes Cory to lose his dream and late Cory to leave the house.

The New Testament Times

The Jewish apparitional ball is considered to be one of the major themes during the vernal testament times. In order to fully understand the crude Testament, one must have a clearer understanding of what are the potential similarities or possible differences amongst the Jewish spiritual world and non-Jewish religious world during the time of Christ.The core focus during the instant of the Old Testament was the law and the covenant, but during the time of the sweet Testament, it was Jesus Christ. Let us first consider the non-Jewish religious world as the Christian world.The principal(prenominal) similarity between the Jews and the non-Jew, particularly the Christians, is that they believed in the same God and both(prenominal) groups have acknowledged the authority of the Old Testament. However, one of the main differences between the Jews and the Christians lies in each clusters perception of the messiah. It has been say that long before the time of Jesus Christ, most Jew s have already hoped for the coming of the messiah, a powerful, successful conquering king from the production line lineage of King David.This king is give tongue to to be the one who would assume Israel to the peak of glory, with peace and victory all over the state. However, during Christs time, his disciples had already acclaimed Him as the Messiah. Consequently, Christians regarded the messiah as their means of sacred salvation because of Christs nature as Son of God. differentiate to what the Jews have believed, Christ had not lived to be a immense political figure but a sacrificing, crucified individual who made radical statements, about of which is contradictory with the Jewish religious world.These radical statements lead to the acceptance of Gentiles or non-Jews into the community. Jesus taught that the basis for Gods acceptance is faith. The church embraces Jews and non-Jews alike. distant with the idea, the Pharisees believed that God is particular with obedience of the law from the Old Testament. They supposed that the approach pattern of high moral ideas will make them rightfully religious. Thus, they considered themselves as holier than non-Pharisees.During the New Testament times, Christianity spread to Asia Minor and Greece. The Jews also spread and had large populations in cities around the world.With the Christians and the Jews compared and contrasted, let us now consider the non-Jewish religious world as the Greco-Roman religious world, also during the same period.One great difference between the Jewish religious world and the Greco-Roman religious world is the number of gods in which each religious world recognizes. The Jews believed in only one God, the same God of the Christians. However, the Greek and the Romans have venerated a number of deities. The Greek and Roman religion is said to have integrated during the time of the New Testament. This resulted to different cults with one god or goddess world patronized. Contradictory with the high moral standards of the Jewish religious world, these cults are said to conduct festivals in honor of their god or goddess in which they use in immoral activities.The Cult of Attis, as an congressman, involves many orgies. Another example is the Cult of Bacchus in which its followers, during the festive days, engage in drunken frenzies to stigmatize the gift of life.ReferenceGrolier Encyclopedia of Knowledge. Vol. 3. USA Grolier Incorporated. 2002. pp.102-106Key Elements of the Background to the New Testament. Available May 6, 2006

Compare and contrast Everyman and Christian in Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress Essay

The Dreamer is the narrator of this religious parable. It is based on the instruction in the Sermon on the Mount (Matthew 5) to seek first the farming of God. Christians family dont understand him, even debate him mad perhaps. He leaves home carrying the book that inspired him, one of a number of pilgrims we encounter in the story, and he travels along the Kings highway. He meets many characters and encounters many of the problems we all face in our lives. He travels alone, almost isolated from all that is going on around him.As he travels he resists temptations of various kinds that would distract him from his journey and eventually he reaches the celestial city. Pilgrim reflects Protestant thinking of the time. Pilgrim travels in hope of heaven, preferably than in fear of death as Everyman does. Inspired by her husband his married woman Christiana eventually makes a similar journey. Pilgrim , though an everyman is based on Bunyans own experience, rather than a more general o ne. He had lain in the dungeons of Doubting Castle and had overcome Despair.His advisor, the Evangelist, is a positive figure rather than the negative one of wipeout in Everyman, even though Death is sent by God. The story is told in a very atrocious way. Everyman is an earlier work, a medieval morality play from the 15th century. It is more more light hearted despite its serious message. The morality plays used allegory just as Bunyan did to show the difficulties that Christians face in life. The character is told by Death that he is about to die. Everyman is deserted by his false friends, rather than isolating his self from them as Pilgrim does. Even his family desert him.He would non have carried a bible as they were not available to pile in general. In the end it is only his good deeds that he can rely on while Pilgrim relies on Faith. Everyman reminds us the right way from the start that he represents every creature called to give account of themselves, barely Christian is much more of an individual, one among many different mint making their way to the Celestial city by various ways. atomic number 53 other difference is that the story of Christian was in book mannequin available only to the literate. Everyman is a play that anyone who speaks the language can marry and learn from.Referencehttp//www.bibliomania.com/0/0/242/1883/frameset.html

My Goals for Introductory Psychology Essay

It is my want that this introduction into psychology give open new ways of correspondence how our minds work and the imp bout our mental processes have on our e preciseday lives. My aspiration is to learn how to become a more insightful reader and psyche across disciplines so that I rouse apply this new association to practical issues in a thoughtful and educated manner. My initial terminal is to become a critical reader of our flesh readings.In ensn atomic number 18 to accomplish this I am going to change my reading habits by utilizing an active approach, including highlighting, note-taking, and asking questions when I am not clear. By bring in my reading and keeping the information organized in my notes I bequeath have direct access to my thoughts ab place a psychological issues. Specifically, I leave behind maintain a detailed bank of information to scoop from when I need to study for a paper or an exam.This only if will be immensely helpful in putting a halt to my current procrastination method and will open up new ways of learning to the highest degree our mental applications. I will be able to track my progress by how tumefy I retain the information I am reading and by how well I am able to implement this acquaintance into practical situations, whether remittal an argument, planning my future, or developing personal relationships. I am very comfortable accessing and utilizing computer based texts to help me gather information.On-line quizzes are helpful in testing general knowledge and they point out areas that are in need of improvement. I also follow cogitate to study aids and suggested websites because they often provide detailed information about specific topics as opposed to the general information provided in virtually textbooks. In addition, Wiki pages and hyperlinked text pages can offer many different lines of inquiry. For example, when I am studying about Freud, I can follow through with(predicate) to pages that are specific ally oriented to the id, ego, and superego.Furthermore, I can follow these link up to pages about the subconscious or to pages about his notions concerning dreams, desires, and impulses. I am hoping that this course will shed light on the way people act as we do. I am interested in discovering some of my fall motivations for holding certain attitudes and beliefs, for example what types of pre-conceived ideas I hold about strangers, or how I react to the way people judge me without fully sharp my personality.I feel that the more we can understand our impulses and desires the more we can direct our energy toward our ideal selves this psychological basis will be a key to this approach. Being a critical thinker will open these pathways to understanding by incorporating various psychological perspectives to complement my knowledge up to this point. Instead of simply taking things at face value, I will be able to apply my critical knowledge to my cursory life in a more nuanced and bal anced understanding.

Mitsubishi Marketing

The article entitle Mitsubishi cuts expenditures was written by Peter Roberts, and was found in The Australian financial Review website, dated April 28, 2006 (which can be accessed at www.afr.com). The tradeing ideal utilise in the article is that of the pricing-cutting employed by Mitsubishi in its adjudicate to profit sales for their new products transmit.PRICE-CUTTINGPrice-cutting is rampant in the railcar manufacturing industriousness where the only established price in the channel is the one at which the manufacturer sells. Specifically, Yadin stated that price-cutting is a marketing technique involving temporary reductions in the price of a product or service, aimed at increasing market share (2000300) The concept of price-cutting as a strategy means to glare prices as compared to the original price set mainly in indian lodge to increase sales (Wilmshurst and Mackay 2002279). Alternatively, price-cutting may be used as a deliberate pull strategy in order to achieve l ower costs by expanding sales.A companys attitude to price-cutting, check to Baker (200063), should be influenced by its relative position in a particular market. In Roberts article, this marketing concept is depicted when the Australian car maker made massive price cuts across its range, as a direct response to its blunder in the companys launch pricing strategy, particularly in the locally made 380 model. The introductory split up immediately pointed this out, and in the later part of the article showed how the firm was adequate to do this, which is by shaving dealer margins and negotiating better supply prices from Mitsubishi in Japan.In relation to the article and the way the price-cutting concept has been discussed in the lectures and in the text book, the two are comparatively alike because of the latters discussion of using the price-cutting strategy in already established companies, which is ruminative of Mitsubishis position in the automobile manufacturing industry. In the same way, Mitsubishi used the price cutting concept in order to respond to profusion capacity, falling market share, and dominate market through lower costs, estimable what the discussions in the initiating price changes similarly pointed out.The lecture notes also implied that customers are reactive to price cutting as long as the perception of denounce and product value remains unchanged, which is what the article points out as the expectations of Mitsubishi regarding its increase in sales. In the automobile industry where the market dictates the selling price, this price cut is imperative of Mitsubishi.WORKS CITEDBaker, M 2000, Marketing Theory A Student Text, Thomson Learning, London.Wilmshurst, J & Mackay, A 2002, The Fundamentals and Practice of Marketing, Butterworth-Heinemann, Jordan Hill, Oxford.Yadin, D. (2002). The International lexicon of Marketing, Kogan Page Limited, London.

Best solution for a suburb having frequent cases of violence, theft and burglary

Assume that you are alimentation in suburbia which has frequent cases of violence, theft and burglary. What do you think is the outstrip dissolving agent in long run and short run? Do you prefer to support CPTED and/or reactive approaches which involves police, court and other activities? service In my view, for a suburb having frequent cases of violence, theft and burglary the best solution in long run or short run canful come through CPTED (Crime prevention through environmental design) alone as it focuses on behavioural psychology and relationships between people and the environment.In case a crime has already occurred a reactive investigation involving police, courts and correctional facilities has to needs follow but true prevention cannot succeed without involving people. It is an accepted event that physical deterrent is the best method for prevention of crimes. To this end in case of a suburb of the kind assumed we have to bug out by involving people and by consensus l imit the points for entry and exit and at the same time block the other points so that no entry or exit is possible save the points agreed to by the residents.Next feeling would be arranging round the clock vigil of these points of entry and exit to realize that every visitor is recorded with his identification. Residents can share the cost or they can volunteer by rotation to perform the duties depending on the economic state of the suburb. Residents may also be encouraged and educated to install burglar alarms, particularly for the households which are left locked or where children or the aged or the sick stay alone for long hours.To ensure monitoring and continuity of preventive vigilance by the residents formal and unceremonial meetings of larger and smaller groups will need to be held with brain storming on the security perceptions and maintaining crimelessness of the suburb. Such measures supported by the ideology behind CPTED would go a long way in prevention of crimes in the suburb in question.